A ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA: UMA ABORDAGEM CLÍNICA E PATOLÓGICA

Autores

  • Natálya Estefanny Nóbrega De Souza Arruda
  • Eduarda Arduim Maia Porto
  • Kalyne Rayane De Paula Lins
  • Simone Arndt Kelm
  • Vivianne Gomes Pereira

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/999

Palavras-chave:

Autoimune, Esclerose Múltipla, Sistema Nervoso

Resumo

INTRODUÇÃO: A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença autoimune, progressiva, desmielinizante, inflamatória crônica que afeta o Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC), levando a defeitos na condução da sinapse e causando graus variáveis de incapacidade física e cognitiva. Tende a acometer adultos jovens, em sua maioria mulheres. OBJETIVOS: O presente trabalho  visa conceituar a EM, bem como, apresentar suas características epidemiológicas, clínicas, patológicas e sua sintomatologia. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) sobre o tema, nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS. RESULTADOS: Estudos mostram que a etiologia da Esclerose Múltipla ainda é desconhecida, entretanto, evidências sugerem que ela esteja relacionada a um evento multifatorial, como fatores genéticos, ambientais, estresse emocional e/ou psicológico. Ela acomete cerca de 2,5 milhões de pessoas no mundo, a incidência e a prevalência variam em termos de distribuição geográfica. A desmielinização,, leva a defeitos na condução da sinapse, acarretando déficits motores e sensitivos que podem durar dias ou semanas e serem total e parcialmente reversíveis. Surtos ou ataques agudos, normalmente, são as manifestações clínicas iniciais. Outrossim, a perda visual monocular devido à neurite óptica, visão dupla causada pela disfunção do tronco cerebral, perda sensorial causada pela mielite transversa e/ou ataxia por meio de uma lesão cerebral são os sintomas mais comuns. Há quatro formas clínicas da EM: forma Recorrente-Remitente (EMRR), sendo a mais comum da doença, caracterizada por episódios de exacerbação, provocados pela desmielinização e inflamação do SNC; forma Primariamente Progressiva (EMPP) não há ocorrência de surtos, mas existe acúmulo de sintomas ao longo do tempo; forma Secundariamente Progressiva (EMSP) sua confirmação se baseia no prolongamento dos sintomas após seis meses; forma Progressiva com Surtos (EMPS) possui início progressivo, posteriormente surtos bem definidos e evolução progressivo, é a mais rara entre as demais formas clínicas. É importante iniciar precocemente o tratamento, pois precoce reduz o risco de progressão da doença.CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se que a Esclerose Múltipla afeta principalmente adultos jovens, assim, é necessário discutir a reabilitação dos indivíduos e ficar atento aos sintomas iniciais da doença e sua evolução, para auxiliar em um melhor tratamento.

Publicado

2021-04-24

Como Citar

Arruda, N. E. N. D. S., Porto, E. A. M., Lins, K. R. D. P., Kelm, S. A., & Pereira, V. G. (2021). A ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA: UMA ABORDAGEM CLÍNICA E PATOLÓGICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 57. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/999

Edição

Seção

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line
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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php
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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php
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   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php
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            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php
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                                                   SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line  146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                                SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[3], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line  132, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                             SubmissionSearch._getMergedArray(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null) % line  263, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                          SubmissionSearch.retrieveResults(Object:Request, Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, null, Object:DBResultRange, Array[1]) % line   92, file: RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.inc.php
                                       RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.callbackTemplateArticlePageFooter(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line  107, file: HookRegistry.inc.php
                                    HookRegistry.call(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 1267, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
                                 PKPTemplateManager.smartyCallHook(Array[1], Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line   43, file: 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101^1c372c95cd85572e0fbc9a53d0323a0b229cfc78_0.app.frontendpagesarticle.tpl.php
                              content_6781613650b432_13896783(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  123, file: smarty_template_resource_base.php
                           Smarty_Template_Resource_Base.getRenderedTemplateCode(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  114, file: smarty_template_compiled.php
                        Smarty_Template_Compiled.render(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  216, file: smarty_internal_template.php
                     Smarty_Internal_Template.render(false, 1) % line  232, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
                  Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase._execute(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null, 1) % line  134, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
               Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null) % line  924, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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