INTRODUÇÃO: A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) estima que cerca de 8 milhões de pessoas no mundo apresentam a doença de chagas, sendo que dessas cerca de 20 a 40% desenvolvem algum dano cardíaco. A cardiomiopatia chagásica crônica (CCC) é uma cardiomiopatia inflamatória dilatada que apresenta um prognóstico negativo devido a elevada expressão de citocinas inflamatórias. A morbimortalidade na doença de chagas segue elevada devido a negligência, pois 20% dos infectados não têm acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento da doença devido a estigmas e sintomatologia silenciosa, o que facilita o surgimento das sequelas. OBJETIVO: Analisar prevalência de citocinas plasmáticas e sua influência na morbimortalidade de pacientes com cardiomiopatia chagásica comparada a grupo controle indeterminado MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas informações no banco de dados PubMed e LILCAS, incluindo artigos originais em inglês e português, indexados pelos descritores DECs/MeSH: “Cardiomiopatia”, “Chagas”, “Citocinas”. Ao total, foram considerados 7 artigos, após aplicar o critério de exclusão de estudos clínicos com pequena amostra e publicados há mais de 15 anos, apenas 3 foram selecionados para essa revisão bibliográfica. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se após comparação de dados de exames plasmáticos que pacientes do grupo indeterminado apresentaram maior expressão de interleucina 10 (IL-10) comparada aos pacientes com CCC, associada com melhor funcionalidade cardíaca após avaliação da fração de ejeção e valores de diâmetro diastólico do ventrículo esquerdo. Já os pacientes com CCC tiveram expressão mais elevada de interferon gama (IFN-γ) e fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α), além de prevalência de linfócitos T Th1 no infiltrado inflamatório, que evidencia o dano tecidual e intensa fibrose, gerando alteração no ritmo cardíaco, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e eventos tromboembólicos. CONCLUSÃO: As citocinas inflamatórias tem influência direta na gênese do infiltrado inflamatório e dano tecidual miocárdico na doença chagásica crônica gerando alterações na dilatação ventricular e uma série de desfechos de alta mortalidade quando comparado a demais de etiologia não inflamatória. Isso se caracteriza como um problema de negligência de políticas públicas de saúde, pois existe forma de prevenção da doença e tratamentos que evitem sua cronicidade.
Publicado
2021-04-24
Como Citar
Bigolin, L. D. L., De Moura, . G. V., Contini, V. P., Leusin, V. B., & Wrague, . K. M. (2021). CITOCINAS E MORBIDADE CARDÍACA NA DOENÇA DE CHAGAS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 16. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/957
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