HISTOPATOLOGIA DA POLIPOSE ADENOMATOSA FAMILIAR E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM O ADENOCARCINOMA COLORRETAL

Larissa Dayelle  Osternack; Júlia Ciola  Kapfenberger; Juliane Kaori  Saito; Magali Akemi  Osiro; Samya Hamad  Mehanna

doi:10.51161/rems/2721

HISTOPATOLOGIA DA POLIPOSE ADENOMATOSA FAMILIAR E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM O ADENOCARCINOMA COLORRETAL

Autores

Larissa Dayelle Osternack
Júlia Ciola Kapfenberger
Juliane Kaori Saito
Magali Akemi Osiro
Samya Hamad Mehanna

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2721

Palavras-chave:

NEOPLASIAS COLORRETAIS, NEOPLASIAS INTESTINAIS, NEOPLASIAS RETAIS, POLIPOSE ADENOMATOSA DO COLO

Resumo

Introdução: Adenomas são lesões precursoras com potencial evolutivo para malignidade entre 5 e 15 anos. Doenças como a polipose adenomatosa familiar (PAF) aumentam o risco de desenvolvimento do câncer colorretal. Objetivos: Descrever a histologia colorretal, correlacionando à PAF e sua evolução para adenocarcinoma colorretal. Material e métodos: Pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases Pubmed e Scielo, com os descritores: “familial adenomatous polyposis” e “colorectal neoplasms”. Foram utilizados: Robbins Patologia Básica 9ª Ed.; Junqueira e Carneiro Histologia Básica 13ª Ed. Resultados: O intestino grosso possui mucosa de tecido epitelial simples cilíndrico com células caliciformes e criptas de Lieberküng, lâmina própria de tecido conjuntivo frouxo e muscular da mucosa. A submucosa contém tecido conjuntivo denso e plexo de Meissner. A muscular própria possui duas subcamadas musculares lisas: circular interna, longitudinal externa, e plexo de Auerbach. Por fim, a serosa/adventícia possui tecido conjuntivo frouxo e adiposo. A PAF é uma doença autossômica dominante caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de adenomas entéricos. Ela resulta da mutação no supressor tumoral adenomatous polyposis coli, responsável pela estabilidade genômica e apoptose. Se não tratados precocemente, 100% dos pacientes acometidos desenvolverá câncer colorretal. Na forma clássica, apresenta inúmeros adenomas, que evoluem para câncer rapidamente. Na atenuada, há menos adenomas, menor agressividade e progressão lenta. Estruturalmente, os adenomas são tubulares, vilosos ou túbulo-vilosos, classificação essencial para conhecimento do potencial maligno. A displasia epitelial de baixo grau nos adenomas possui núcleos alongados e pseudoestratificados, com pequenos nucléolos, enquanto a de alto grau apresenta núcleos redondos, estratificação e nucléolo proeminente. No cólon proximal, os adenocarcinomas são polipóides e exofíticos, raramente causando obstrução. Já no distal, são lesões anulares com estreitamento luminal e oclusão. Clinicamente, no cólon direito ocorre anemia ferropriva e no esquerdo sangramento oculto, alterações intestinais e cólicas. Microscopicamente, os adenocarcinomas bem diferenciados possuem células colunares altas, semelhantes aos adenomas, com componente invasivo causador de resposta desmoplásica, ocasionando consistência firme. Os pouco diferenciados formam glândulas e produzem mucina. Ainda, estas neoplasias podem apresentar diferenciação neuroendócrina. Conclusão: As características da PAF explicam sua correlação com o desenvolvimento de carcinomas colorretais. Assim, destaca-se a importância do estudo histopatológico, facilitando a compreensão evolutiva adenomas-câncer neste grupo populacional.

Publicado

2021-12-13

Como Citar

Osternack, L. D. ., Kapfenberger, J. C. ., Saito, J. K. ., Osiro, M. A. ., & Mehanna, S. H. . (2021). HISTOPATOLOGIA DA POLIPOSE ADENOMATOSA FAMILIAR E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM O ADENOCARCINOMA COLORRETAL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 13. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2721

Baixar Citação

Edição

v. 2 n. 4 (2021)

Seção

I Congresso On-line Nacional de Histologia e Embriologia Humana

Licença

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
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            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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