Introdução: O alecrim, é considerado popularmente como terapêutico, sobre microrganismos de notável importância clínica. A busca de produtos naturais que apresentem uma ação antifúngica eficiente frente a microrganismos resistentes se mostra uma alternativa necessária, assim como em virtude da resistência crescente aos antimicrobianos. Objetivo: Caracterizar a eficiência nas atividades antimicrobianas e antifúngicas do óleo essencial de Alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Material e métodos: As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados bibliográficas — SciELO, BIREME, LILACS e Livro de Fitoterapia. Incluiu-se artigos do período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2020 com delineamento experimental e observacional, em Inglês, Português e Espanhol. Resultados: As propriedades antimicrobianas do alecrim são atribuídas aos compostos pinenos, 1-8 cineol, borneol, canfeno e cânfora. Estes, geralmente, estão presentes no óleo essencial, o qual demonstrou atividade inibitória sobre as cepas de S. aureus e E. coli, quando utilizado o método de orifício em Ágar, mas não pelo método de difusão em disco, quando avaliadas as culturas de S. aureus, mas apresenta efeito bactericida para a linhagem de S. aureus. Para E. coli, foi verificada sensibilidade a este composto também no método de disco difusão. Frente a Staphylococcus spp, Enterobacter gergoviae, E. amnigenus, Lactobacillus sakei, e L. curvatus, o óleo essencial, apresentou atividade antimicrobiana, caracterizando a sua eficácia perante esses microrganismos. O óleo essencial de R. officinalis L. em relação aos fungos provoca a granulação do citoplasma, desorganização dos conteúdos celulares, rompimento da membrana plasmática e inibição das enzimas fúngicas. A partir do teste de difusão em meio sólido, atividade antifúngica sobre a cepa de C. albicans, foi identificada, assim como atividade antifúngica e antiaderente sobre C. tropicalis. No teste in vitro, mostrou-se eficiência em inibir o crescimento do A. flavus. Conclusão: Através dessa revisão bibliográfica, foi possível identificar a eficiência na atividade antimicrobiana e antifúngica do óleo essencial de Alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) diante das cepas analisadas. Porém, são necessários estudos sobre as composições e aspectos que podem comprometer a eficácia do óleo essencial, para garantir a segurança e ação do produto.
Publicado
2021-06-14
Como Citar
Silva, M. C. R. da, & Monteiro, D. V. D. S. . (2021). ATIVIDADES ANTIMICROBIANAS E ANTIFUNGICAS DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE ALECRIM (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L.). Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 53. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1210
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