PERFIL CLÍNICO E EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE COINFECÇÃO TUBERCULOSE/HIV NOTIFICADOS NO CEARÁ NO PERÍODO DE 2015 A 2018
Autores
Nayara Araújo Cardoso
Feliphy Rodrigues Custódio
Lucas Diogo Rosa
Antônio Erivelton Passos Fontenele
Renan Rhonalty Rocha
Palavras-chave:
Tuberculose, HIV, Coinfecção, Notificação de doenças
Resumo
Introdução: A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença transmissível, causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, que geralmente afeta os pulmões (TB pulmonar), mas pode afetar outros órgãos (TB extrapulmonar). É considerada a principal causa global de morte por um único microorganismo, ocasionando 1,5 milhão de óbitos em 2018. A infecção pelo HIV eleva em 20 vezes o risco de desenvolvimento de tuberculose ativa, tanto por reativação de infecção latente como por reinfecção. Objetivo: Apresentar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos casos notificados, no Ceará, de coinfecção entre tuberculose e HIV para os anos de 2015 a 2018. Material e métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo baseado na revisão de dados secundários do Sistema Nacional de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Foram incluídos todos os casos notificados de coinfecção tuberculose/HIV no estado do Ceará, entre 2015 e 2018. Resultados: Foram notificados 1.400 casos de comorbidade tuberculose-HIV no Ceará no período citado. Dos pacientes coinfectados, 72% eram do sexo masculino e 58% tinham idade de 20 a 39 anos. Cerca de 68% dos casos eram novos e 20% casos de reingressão após abandono do tratamento. A forma clínica prevalente foi a pulmonar (69,4%). Dos coinfectados, 36,9% tiveram a primeira baciloscopia positiva e em 29,7% não foi realizado o exame. Ademais, apenas 19,28% dos pacientes realizaram a cultura de escarro. Quanto ao desfecho clínico dos casos, 43,1% evoluíram para cura da tuberculose, 25,6% abandonaram o tratamento e 2,14% morreram em consequência da infecção pelo bacilo. Conclusão: Sendo assim, é possível inferir que a coinfecção tuberculose/HIV é um problema de saúde pública no estado do Ceará, uma vez que se faz necessário o engajamento de gestores e profissionais de saúde na otimização do diagnóstico desta comorbidade, redução dos casos reincidentes e dos índices de abandono do tratamento e aumento do percentual de cura da tuberculose.
Publicado
2020-04-01
Como Citar
Araújo Cardoso, N. ., Rodrigues Custódio , F. ., Rosa, L. D., Passos Fontenele, A. E. ., & Rhonalty Rocha, R. . (2020). PERFIL CLÍNICO E EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE COINFECÇÃO TUBERCULOSE/HIV NOTIFICADOS NO CEARÁ NO PERÍODO DE 2015 A 2018. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(1), 30. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/115
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