INTRODUÇÃO: A colite pseudomembranosa é causa de diarreia associada ao uso de antibióticos, sendo provocada por reação inflamatória intestinal às toxinas do Clostridioides difficile. OBJETIVO: Verificar o manejo clínico da colite pseudomembranosa no ambiente hospitalar. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa baseando-se nos dados contidos em artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2019, dispostos nas bases de dados de pesquisas BVS, PubMed, LILACS, Medline. Foram utilizados os descritores “colite pseudomembranosa”, “manejo hospitalar” e “antimicrobianos” com operador booleano “AND”, tendo como critérios de inclusão: artigos completos que abordam o tema, publicados em inglês e português, entre 2013 e 2019; já os critérios de exclusão são: artigos repetidos, que não seja inglês ou português, que não abordem o tema e que sejam publicados antes do ano de 2013. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se 5 publicações científicas, no qual verificou-se o manejo em casos de colite pseudomembranosa por uso de antimicrobianos. Embora a maioria dos antibióticos tenha sido implicada, os medicamentos que apresentam o maior risco são as Cefalosporinas (particularmente de 3ª geração), Penicilinas (particularmente ampicilina e amoxicilina), Clindamicina e Fluoroquinolonas. Em alguns casos são resolvidos com a descontinuação do antibiótico. Os dois principais antibióticos utilizados para tratamento de infecção por são o metronidazol e a vancomicina. A vancomicina não é mais considerada terapia de primeira escolha para, pois apresenta a mesma eficácia que o metronidazol, o custo é mais elevado e há risco, durante a terapia, de surgimento de Enterococcus spp. resistentes à vancomicina. É indicada apenas nos pacientes com quadros graves ou em pacientes que apresentam recidiva. Orienta-se evitar o uso de agentes antiperistálticos, monitorar e corrigir anormalidades eletrolíticas e pode-se considerar a profilaxia farmacológica do tromboembolismo venoso. CONCLUSÃO: A colite pseudomembranosa é uma enfermidade grave que pode ser prevenida evitando-se o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos.
Publicado
2020-04-01
Como Citar
Vasconcelos Fonteneles, A. ., Frota de Vasconcelos, F. . ., Cavalcante dos Santos, A. ., & Rhonalty Rocha, R. . (2020). COLITE PSEUDOMEMBRANOSA CAUSADA PELO USO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS NO ÂMBITO HOSPITALAR. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(1), 16. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/101
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