Introdução: Na busca por tratamentos eficazes contra a covid-19, as terapias com anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais surgiram como um candidatos promissores. As terapias à base de anticorpos policlonais surgem como alternativa mais barata que as de anticorpos monoclonais. Objetivos: Relatar a eficácia do tratamento para covid-19 com anticorpos policlonais. Material e métodos: Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados do PubMed e SciELO combinando os descritores Monoclonal Antibodies, Coronavirus Infections, Coronavirus Infections, Immunotoxins, Antibodies, Bispecific, Coronavirus Infections. Foram utilizados filtros com busca preferencial por ensaios clínicos randomizados com até 1 ano de publicação. Localizou-se 52 estudos, da qual foram excluídos artigos não relacionados ao tema. Resultados: Obteve-se 5 estudos e a fim de avaliar a eficácia, segmentou-se em critérios clínicos. Dentre os 5 estudos, 3 avaliaram a terapia com plasma convalescente e 2 avaliaram a terapia com imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV). Cada estudo utilizou titulações e dosagens distintas, além de administrações em períodos diferentes. Dentre os estudos que avaliaram a eficácia da terapia com plasma convalescente, não verificou-se diminuição significativa da mortalidade geral e progressão da doença; contudo, em um dos trabalhos, observou-se que a administração precoce de plasma convalescente de alta titulação contra SARS-CoV-2 em idosos com infecção moderada reduziu a progressão da doença. Entre os dois estudos que avaliaram a eficácia da IGIV, um estudo relatou diminuição significativa da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar. Um dos trabalhos avaliou a eficácia da combinação da IGIV com outros medicamentos, relatando a ausência de efeito benéfico, não apontando melhora perceptível na taxa de mortalidade; no entanto, verificou-se que, quanto menor o tempo desde a admissão até a infusão de IGIV, menor o tempo de internação hospitalar. Conclusão: A terapia com plasma convalescente não foi capaz de reduzir de forma significativa a mortalidade e progressão da doença, enquanto a terapia com imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) foi capaz de reduzir de forma significativa a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar. Contudo, em virtude do pequeno número de estudos, é necessário novos estudos a fim de embasar a eficácia das tratamentos com anticorpos policlonais na covid-19.
Publicado
2021-04-24
Como Citar
Carneiro , M. V. D. S., Serra, P. T., Figueiredo , W. L. D., & Pedrosa, M. S. P. (2021). A EFICÁCIA DA IMUNIZAÇÃO PASSIVA COM ANTICORPOS POLICLONAIS CONTRA COVID-19 - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/992
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