PROPRIEDADES IMUNIZANTES DO LEITE MATERNO E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS NA PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS ALÉRGICAS

Laríssa Santos  De Oliveira; Bianca Caroline Ferreira; Adriana  Piccinin

doi:10.51161/rems/942

PROPRIEDADES IMUNIZANTES DO LEITE MATERNO E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS NA PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS ALÉRGICAS

Autores

Laríssa Santos De Oliveira
Bianca Caroline Ferreira
Adriana Piccinin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/942

Palavras-chave:

Aleitamento Materno, Alergia, Ige E Imunoglobulina

Resumo

Introdução: O termo “alergia” foi criado pelo pediatra australiano Clemens von Pirquet no começo do século XX. A definição sofreu modificações ao longo dos anos e hoje é interpretada como uma alteração do sistema imunológico levando a hipersensibilidade sintomática. Dessa maneira, uma alergia envolve uma resposta imunológica contra determinados antígenos presentes no meio ambiente. Essa resposta é o resultado de uma produção exagerada de IgE específico para esse alérgeno. Ao nascimento a criança apresenta baixos níveis de imunoglobulinas (IgM, IgA e IgE). No entanto, o leite materno apresenta uma importante função na transferência de imunidade passiva no período pós-natal, pois possui funções antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatórias e imunorreguladoras. Objetivo: Destacar a importância do aleitamento materno e os seus benefícios no sistema imunológico do recém-nascido contra alergias. Material e método: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica e as bases de dados utilizadas foram Scielo e PubMed. Resultados: A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), o Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF) e o Ministério da Saúde (MS) preconizam o aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de idade. Após esse período a recomendação é que recebam alimentos complementares, mas continuem com o aleitamento até dois anos. Trabalhos relatam que nos primeiros três anos de vida, o aleitamento natural exerce efeito benéfico sobre a incidência de eczema, alergia alimentar, sensibilização atópica e “doença sibilante”. No contexto da imunologia e da fisiologia, os discursos que respaldam as propriedades benéficas do leite materno, afirmam que este, especialmente o colostro, apresenta elevadas concentrações de anticorpos (IgA, IgM, IgE e IgD). Outra característica imunizante do leite materno é a presença de células polimorfonucleares (macrófagos, neutrófilos e eosinófilos) que fagocitam microrganismos patogênicos. Há ainda a presença de substâncias com propriedades probióticas e antibióticas como a lisozima, lactoferrina e o fator bífido que combatem a instalação de agentes envolvidos na etiologia de doenças diarreicas. Conclusão: O baixo teor de alérgenos no leite materno, bem como as propriedades anti-inflamatórias e imunomoduladoras, devem prevenir alergias e promover o desenvolvimento de tolerância. Além disso, sabe-se que as crianças amamentadas ficam menos doentes, necessitando menos de atendimento médico, hospitalizações e medicamentos.

Publicado

2021-04-24

Como Citar

De Oliveira, L. S. ., Ferreira, B. C., & Piccinin, A. . (2021). PROPRIEDADES IMUNIZANTES DO LEITE MATERNO E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS NA PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS ALÉRGICAS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 03. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/942

Baixar Citação

Edição

v. 2 n. 2 (2021): Edição Especial: Anais de Eventos

Seção

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line

Licença

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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