RESPOSTA IMUNOLÓGICA AO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: ANÁLISE DE ATIVIDADES FÍSICAS DE ALTA E MODERADA DURAÇÃO
Autores
Suellen Ferreira Barbosa
José Maria Lopes Junior Rodrigues
Palavras-chave:
Alterações, Exercício físico, Sistema Imunológico
Resumo
Introdução: A prática regular de exercícios físicos traz inúmeros benefícios para a saúde, no entanto não são conhecidos com exatidão os efeitos da atividade física no sistema imunológico. A literatura especializada afirma que exercícios de alta duração e intensidade prejudica a reposta imunológica, o sistema imunológico é capaz, não somente de proteger o organismo pela detecção e bloqueio de componentes estranhos, mas também de atuar como comunicador de informações ao cérebro e ao sistema neuroendócrino. Por essa razão, e como consequência do estado inflamatório gerado pelo exercício, os altos níveis de cortisol, o elevado estresse metabólico e as alterações da função imunológica são acompanhadas por modificações sistêmicas caracterizadas por hipertermia, astenia, predisposição a infecções, fadiga e alterações tissulares, o que indica que o exercício de alta duração e intensidade causa danos ao sistema imune. Na contramão, estudos recentes afirmam que exercícios físicos com intensidade moderada e curta duração, é comumente associado com a diminuição da susceptibilidade a infecções evidenciando que o estresse induzido pelo exercício de intensidade moderada pode estimular a capacidade fagocitária de macrófagos e neutrófilos. Objetivo: Diante disto o objetivo desse trabalho é reconhecer a influência do exercício físico de alta e moderada intensidade no sistema imunológico Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico de revisão bibliográfica, realizado por meio de pesquisa em livros e artigos indexados nas bases científicas: SciELO, PubMed e MEDLINE, o critério para a seleção foi baseado na relevância temática, onde foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: exercícios físicos, sistema imunológico. Resultados: A atividade física afeta a competência do sistema imunitário, porém estes efeitos variam de acordo com o tempo e a intensidade do exercício físico, sendo que os mecanismos envolvidos não foram completamente elucidados, necessitando de novas pesquisas. Conclusão: os achados apontam os exercícios físicos causam alterações no sistema imunológico, porém variáveis como duração, intensidade e regularidade da atividade física são definidoras do tipo de resposta imune, apontando um alinha tênue entre danos e benefícios para a imunidade.
Publicado
2020-09-01
Como Citar
Barbosa, S. F., & Rodrigues, J. M. L. J. (2020). RESPOSTA IMUNOLÓGICA AO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: ANÁLISE DE ATIVIDADES FÍSICAS DE ALTA E MODERADA DURAÇÃO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 89. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/465
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