benzodiazepínas, idosos, uso indevido de medicamentos sob prescrição
Resumo
Introdução: Os benzodiazepínicos (BZDs) representam a terceira classe de fármacos mais prescrita atualmente, tendo como indicações terapêuticas primárias a insônia (42%) e transtornos de ansiedade (36%) em idosos, que os utilizam de forma crônica. Segundo o IBGE a população idosa se encontra em expansão, devendo triplicar até 2050, logo seu acompanhamento adequado é essencial. Objetivos: Objetiva-se discutir as consequências do uso crônico de benzodiazepínicos em idosos. Material e métodos: Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados BVS, SciElo e PubMed, com os descritores: idosos, benzadiazepinas, uso crônico, insônia e ansiedade. Selecionaram-se textos em inglês e português, publicados entre 2004 e 2017. Resultados: Verificou-se uma grande utilização de benzodiazepínicos de forma crônica na população idosa. As principais características desse consumo foram doses elevadas, uso contínuo, mesmo sem prescrição e não seguimento da posologia prescrita. Além disso, observou-se que a prescrição é usualmente realizada sem uma análise prévia da condição do paciente e com o intuito de resolver o problema da forma mais rápida. Ademais, contatou-se que essa classe medicamentosa para esse grupo apresenta vários riscos, como aumento de pneumonia, dependência e tolerância. Além de gerar déficit de atenção cognitiva e de memória, sonolência, hipotensão e ataxia aumentando os riscos de queda. Similarmente, recentemente está implicado que seu uso aumenta em 50% a predisposição para a ocorrência de demência. Por fim, verificou-se que a utilização crônica pode resultar em redução na qualidade do sono e aumento do risco de mortalidade. Conclusão: O uso de BZDs pelos idosos parece atenuar algumas dificuldades trazidas pela velhice. No entanto, o uso crônico dessa classe farmacológica deve ser analisado com cautela, em função dos riscos apresentados e, quando possível, deve ser diminuído ou substituído por outro tratamento.
Publicado
2020-09-01
Como Citar
Santos, M. M. S., Rezende, M. L., Guidine, P. A. M., Dias, M. F. S., & Silva, S. F. (2020). USO CRÔNICO DE BENZODIAZEPÍNICOS EM IDOSOS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 86. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/462
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