O PROTAGONISMO DAS MEDIDAS NÃO FARMACOLÓGICAS NA PREVENÇÃO DA OSTEOPOROSE
Autores
Raíza de Albuquerque Félix
Ingridy Thaís Holanda Almeida
Leandro Sávio Nunes
Rodrigo Araújo Alencar
Bernard Fernandes Valença de Albuquerque
Palavras-chave:
Atividade física, ingesta de cálcio, osteoporose
Resumo
Introdução: A queda da mortalidade e o aumento da expectativa de vida resultam no envelhecimento da população com consequente aumento de doenças crônico-degenerativas, dentre as quais a osteoporose. Esse distúrbio osteometabólico caracteriza-se pela perda de massa óssea e desarranjo da microarquitetura do tecido ósseo, com aumento da incidência de fraturas de fragilidade e danos imensuráveis à qualidade de vida dos indivíduos portadores dessa condição. É uma enfermidade multifatorial que, à parte do papel dos estrógenos, os fatores de risco mais importantes são ambientais, como inatividade física e ingesta de cálcio insuficiente, portanto facilmente modificáveis. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância do adequado aporte de cálcio na alimentação e de exercícios físicos na prevenção da osteoporose. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura, através de artigos científicos disponíveis em base de dados online, como SciELO e UpToDate. Resultados: A prevenção da osteoporose começa na infância e perdura ao longo da vida dos indivíduos. A maioria dos especialistas da área concordam que a atividade física consegue incrementar o pico de massa óssea atingido nas primeiras décadas. O efeito do exercício sobre o tecido ósseo depende da intensidade, tipo, frequência e duração da atividade física, sendo mais benéficas as atividades de sustentação de peso, com duração de 30 minutos, pelo menos três vezes por semana. Além disso, vários estudos têm mostrado uma relação positiva entre a suplementação da dieta com cálcio e a redução da perda óssea em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Outrossim, estudos apontam que a baixa ingestão desse mineral durante a fase de crescimento de crianças e adolescentes, resulta em menor mineralização óssea, quando esta é comparada à de indivíduos da mesma faixa etária que tiveram ingestão adequada de cálcio. Conclusão: Desta forma, fica evidente que uma intervenção nutricional associada à prática de exercícios físicos regularmente atua na maximização do pico de massa óssea durante a adolescência, prevenindo o aparecimento de osteoporose na vida futura. Além disso, tais medidas também refletem na redução da perda óssea em mulheres menopausadas, principal grupo acometido com baixa densidade mineral óssea(DMO).
Publicado
2020-09-01
Como Citar
Félix, R. de A., Almeida, I. T. H., Nunes, L. S., Alencar, R. A., & de Albuquerque , B. F. V. (2020). O PROTAGONISMO DAS MEDIDAS NÃO FARMACOLÓGICAS NA PREVENÇÃO DA OSTEOPOROSE. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 41. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/385
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