Introdução: A doença de Crohn (DC) é uma patologia inflamatória crônica que afeta o trato gastrointestinal da boca até o ânus, causando alterações no estado nutricional (EN). O quadro clínico da DC é variado, apresentando sintomas e lesões prevalentes que se diferenciam pelo local afetado, extensão, manifestação sistêmicas e prováveis complicações. Assim, a terapia nutricional (TN) é de extrema importância para o tratamento da doença, pois objetiva corrigir a desnutrição e reverter as consequências metabólicas e patológicas da DC. Objetivos: Identificar a importância da TN no tratamento da DC. Material e Método: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa, realizada através de artigos selecionados das plataformas de dados SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual de saúde e Google scholar. Incluiu-se artigos acerca da Terapia nutricional e Doença de Crohn. Resultados: A prevalência de desnutrição proteico-energética, resultantes da DC está associada a ingestão oral reduzida, má absorção de nutrientes e de efeitos colaterais da intervenção medicamentosa, revelando, assim, que a TN é importante para a recuperação e/ou manutenção do EN do paciente, além de proporcionar um aporte adequado de macro e micronutrientes, auxiliando no alivio dos aspectos clínicos e na diminuição da probabilidade de intervenções cirúrgicas ou de complicações pós-operatórias. Observou-se que a escolha da abordagem da TN será determinada individualmente, de acordo com a necessidade do paciente. A via oral deve ser escolhida sempre que ela se mostrar adequada e eficiente. A enteral deve ser a segunda alternativa, visto que além de fornecer os nutrientes necessários, ela oferece algumas vantagens como a melhoria do mecanismo de defesa imunológico e a preservação da mucosa intestinal. Já a parenteral total, deverá ser escolhida quando o intestino precisa descansar, em grandes ressecções, obstrução intestinal, perfuração intestinal e como conduta coadjuvante na fase aguda para enfermos que não toleram outras vias. Conclusão: A manutenção e/ou recuperação do EN realizada por uma intervenção nutricional adequada proporciona importantes benefícios para os aspectos clínicos da DC, visto que a TN considera a fase da doença em que se encontra o paciente, melhorando a sintomatologia e o processo de cicatrização da mucosa, além de evitar ou reduzir o agravo do estado inflamatório.
Publicado
2021-12-22
Como Citar
Oliveira, E. M. de ., Oliveira, E. M. de ., Júnior, C. P. D. S. ., Bizari, L. ., Silva, A. A. T. da ., & Rangel, C. C. de S. . (2021). A IMPORTÂNCIA DA INTERVENÇÃO NUTRICIONAL NO TRATAMENTO DE PACIENTES PORTADORES DE DOENÇA DE CROHN. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 255. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/3028
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