Introdução: O espectro clínico da COVID-19 variou de infecção assintomática a doença fatal. Porém, evidências recentes mostram que alguns indivíduos que tiveram COVID os sintomas continuam ou se desenvolvem após a eliminação da infecção aguda, condição conhecida como COVID longa, e que não podem ser explicados por um diagnóstico alternativo. Objetivo: Avaliar os sintomas e complicações da Síndrome de COVID longa em indivíduos recuperados da COVID-19. Material e métodos: Este resumo foi embasado em uma revisão de literatura de caráter descritivo a partir de seis artigos encontrados nas bases de dados PubMed e BVS, utilizando os descritores “Long COVID”, “Post-acute COVID-19” e “Syndrome”. Resultados: A Síndrome de COVID longa apresenta um conjunto de sintomas que persistem por meses após uma infecção assintomática, leve ou grave pelo SARS-CoV-2. Essa condição pode afetar o tecido musculoesquelético, o sistema nervoso central, respiratório, gastrointestinal, cardíaco e até o psicológico do indivíduo. Os principais sintomas relatados são: fadiga, dor no peito, dispneia, distúrbios do sono, comprometimento cognitivo, ansiedade e depressão. Dentre esses sintomas, a fadiga é uma das manifestações mais relatadas, com prevalência estimada em 11,9% entre as pessoas que tiveram COVID. Além disso, há evidências de que a COVID longa possa causar danos em alguns órgãos devido a cicatriz pulmonar, miocardite, coágulos sanguíneos, vasculite e resposta pró-inflamatória exacerbada. Os fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento da COVID longa ainda estão sendo elucidados, mas o sexo feminino, idade entre 35 e 49 anos, COVID grave e condição prévia de asma foram citados como possíveis fatores. Porém, condições preexistentes como obesidade, diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares não apresentaram forte associação com o desenvolvimento da Síndrome. Estudos têm mostrado que a vacinação contra o SARS-CoV-2 diminui as chances de o indivíduo desenvolver COVID longa, uma vez que diminui a possibilidade da infecção grave. Conclusão: As implicações clínicas a longo prazo da COVID longa ainda permanecem enigmáticas. Estudos ainda são necessários para melhor definir os fatores de risco associados aos sintomas persistentes da COVID e o impacto do aparecimento de novas cepas do SARS-CoV-2.
Publicado
2021-12-21
Como Citar
Saboia, T. B. de ., & Silva, S. F. R. da . (2021). SÍNDROME DA COVID LONGA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 181. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2946
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