Introdução: O metotrexato (MTX) é utilizado no tratamento da artrite reumatóide (AR). Atua bloqueando efeitos do ácido fólico no organismo. A deficiência de folatos pode causar efeitos adversos, como mucosite oral (MO). A MO é um processo inflamatório que ocorre devido à ação citotóxica do medicamento, causando eritema e úlceras em mucosa oral. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de uma paciente portadora de AR, em tratamento com MTX, apresentando lesão em cavidade oral. Materiais e Métodos: paciente do sexo feminino, leucoderma, 80 anos. Portadora de hipertensão arterial e artrite reumatóide. Em uso de Hidroclorotiazida 50mg, Metotrexato 2,5mg, Ácido Fólico 400mcg e Prednisona 20mg. Relata surgimento de lesão em lábio inferior a cerca de 2 meses, sangramento e dor na região. Não se recorda de ter sofrido trauma na região. Ao exame clínico, observou-se lesão em lábio inferior do lado esquerdo, medindo cerca de 2,5cmx1,5cm, ulcerada, endurecida, com áreas sangrantes e crostosas em vermelhão de lábio inferior. Faz uso de prótese total (PT) superior e prótese parcial removível (PPR) inferior. Foi realizada biópsia incisional da lesão e realizada análise anátomo-patológica (AP). Paciente foi orientada a suspender o uso de PPR inferior e usar PT superior apenas durante alimentação e a aplicar vaselina líquida 3x/dia nos lábios. Resultados: o AP sugere que o tecido conjuntivo da lâmina própria apresenta-se hipervascularizado e infiltrado por células inflamatórias. Considerando o AP e a ausência de regressão da lesão, foi realizado contato com a reumatologista da paciente. Constatando que a paciente estava fazendo uso do MTX diário ao invés de semanal, como prescrito. Como conduta, foi realizado o ajuste da dose do MTX e realizada laserterapia, E:V, 2J em região ulcerada. Após 14 dias da adequação da dose, foi observado remissão da lesão. Conclusão: o uso de MTX em altas doses pode ocasionar MO. O clínico deve estar atento as comorbidades e medicações em uso pelo paciente, correlacionando achados clínicos, a possíveis efeitos colaterais de medicamentos.
Publicado
2021-12-17
Como Citar
Cardoso, G. C. de ., Rehbein, K. D. ., Saueressig, F. ., & Jaccottet, C. M. G. . (2021). MUCOSITE ORAL INDUZIDA POR ALTAS DOSES DE METOTREXATO: RELATO DE CASO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 56. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2812
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