RADIOLOGIA, RECÉM-NASCIDO, SÍNDROME DO DESCONFORTO RESPIRATÓRIO, UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL
Resumo
Introdução A Síndrome do desconforto respiratório do recém-nascido (NRDS) é caracterizada pela imaturidade pulmonar fisiológica e estrutural, devido a deficiência de surfactante pulmonar ao nascer, tornando os alvéolos mais propensos ao colapso no final da expiração. Comum em recém-nascidos prematuros, porém bebês nascidos de parto cesariano apresentam riscos aumentados em morbidades respiratórias neonatais, incluindo a NRDS. O ultrassom pulmonar (LUS) vem sendo utilizado para este diagnóstico, por sem uma técnica não invasiva e não radioativa comparada a radiografia torácica (CXR), que era o principal meio de diagnóstico da NRDS. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura científica em relação à Radiologia em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Metodologia: A metodologia empregada foi uma revisão de literatura. Os dados da pesquisa foram a partir dos US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) com os descritores: Radiology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn and Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, de acordo com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). Foram encontrados 211 artigos e após critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 5 artigos foram utilizados. Os utilizados para a inclusão: artigos em inglês, português ou espanhol, entre junho de 2015 a julho de 2021, e que estivessem disponíveis na íntegra e para acesso online grátis. Excluíram-se, os estudos que não abordassem o conceito relevante para o alcance do objetivo; estudos repetidos; segundo critérios de qualidade metodológica. Resultados: Estudos realizados verificam a confiabilidade da utilização de LUS precoce para a admissão na UTIN. Fora analisada a especificidade e sensibilidade, demonstrando que o LUS apresenta uma alta sensibilidade (99%) e especificidade (95%) em comparação ao CXR, 88,23% e 89,53% respectivamente. Ficou demonstrado também que o aspecto do ultrassom do “pulmão branco” e a ausência de “áreas poupadas” tem sensibilidade e especificidade de 100%. Conclusão: O LUS tem sido recomendado na detecção precoce de pacientes com NRDS, e em diversos outros procedimentos de rotina na UTIN, devido ao fato de o CXR ter um alto efeito nocivo aos bebês que são sensíveis à radiação. Entretanto, há poucos estudos sobre o assunto sendo necessário mais estudos para se avaliar melhor o desempenho da LUS no diagnóstico do NRDS.
Publicado
2021-12-17
Como Citar
Silva, J. da C. N. ., Baroni, Étore S. ., Maia, J. M. de S. ., Carocia, M. C. ., & Ximenes, H. C. S. . (2021). ULTRASSOM PULMONAR NA DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DA SÍNDROME DO DESCONFORTO RESPIRATÓRIO DO RECÉM-NASCIDO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 32. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2785
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