Introdução: A endocardite infecciosa (EI) persiste com elevada morbidade e mortalidade no cenário brasileiro, é caracterizada pela invasão de microrganismos patogênicos no tecido endocárdico ou em material protético do coração. O prognóstico relaciona-se a rapidez com a qual é diagnosticada e manejada, entretanto, esta possui difícil reconhecimento devido ao seu amplo espectro clínico. Sendo assim, o critério de Duke constitui um método de alta sensibilidade e especificidade para direcionar o diagnóstico e possibilitar intervenção médica o mais rápido possível. Objetivos: Discorrer sobre a fisiopatologia da endocardite infecciosa e os critérios diagnósticos e terapêuticos utilizados. Material e métodos: A fim de cumprir o objetivo, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Dessa maneira, através da revisão na literatura vigente, buscou-se compreender a fisiopatologia da EI relacionando com as atuais abordagens utilizadas para diagnóstico, segundo as diretrizes estabelecidas pela American Heart Association e a Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia, além de estabelecer os principais critérios e indicadores utilizados para a abordagem cirúrgica. Resultados: Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos obtidos no diagnóstico e terapêutica a EI persiste como uma das principais síndrome infecciosas com alta taxa de mortalidade intra-hospitalar e elevada incidência de complicações. É sugestivo que o atraso do diagnóstico e do início da abordagem terapêutica estejam interligados a piora clínica do paciente, visto que, o quadro clínico decorre do sistema acometido e do microrganismo patogênico. O diagnóstico deve ser feito a partir da suspeita clínica realizando a investigação laboratorial e seguindo as diretrizes. As diretrizes da American Heart Association recomenda a utilização dos critérios de Duke, baseando-se na presença dos critérios maiores e menores, a Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia utiliza diferentes evidências durante a infecção sistêmica havendo presença de comprometimento endocárdico e hemocultura positiva. Além disso, evidenciou-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico em pacientes com complicações graves, sendo esta intervenção um fator protetor, entretanto cada caso deve ser avaliado isoladamente. Conclusão: A EI caracteriza-se por ser uma síndrome infecciosa com alta capacidade letal, sendo assim, é de suma importância que seja diagnosticada e tratada mais precocemente possível, afim de evitar complicações e reduzir a mortalidade.
Publicado
2021-10-08
Como Citar
Guimarães, A. C. S. ., Palú, I. D. A. ., & Araújo, A. G. D. . (2021). RELAÇÃO DA ENDOCARDITE INFECCIOSA COM O MANEJO DIAGNÓSTICO E TERAPÊUTICO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 91. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2235
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