Introdução: A hidradenite supurativa (HS) é uma doença inflamatória caracterizada por lesões supurativas e dolorosas recorrentes ou crônicas nas regiões portadoras de glândulas apócrinas. A doença afeta a unidade foliculopilossebácea majoritariamente na pele intertriginosa da região axilar, perianal, perineal, genital, inframamária e da virilha. Sintomas como dor, mau cheiro, drenagem e desfiguração que muitas vezes acompanham a HS, acarretam um profundo impacto psicossocial, sendo extremamente importante o diagnóstico precoce dessa condição. Essa revisão possui uma vasta relevância na saúde pública, tendo em vista os desafios que os profissionais da saúde enfrentam para diferenciar a HS de outras patologias. Objetivos: Revisar a respeito do diagnóstico diferencial da HS, com ênfase nos estudos dos últimos 5 anos. Material e métodos: Uma pesquisa de literatura foi conduzida por meio de uma seleção de estudos do PubMed e UpToDate sobre o diagnóstico diferencial da HS publicados recentemente (pesquisados de 3 a 21 de abril de 2021), utilizando as palavras-chave "hidradenite supurativa", "diagnóstico diferencial", "manifestações clínicas" e "impacto psicossocial". Os critérios de elegibilidade dos artigos foram: data de publicação, número de citações, fator de impacto e grau de formação dos autores envolvidos. No total, foram selecionados 10 artigos, sendo 6 excluídos pelos critérios mencionados. Resultados: A HS é clinicamente diagnosticada com base na natureza, progressão e localização das lesões. Elas frequentemente mimetizam outros distúrbios, como: abcessos, furúnculos, carbúnculos, pioderma folicular, acne, doença de Crohn, doença pilonidal, cisto epidermóide, cisto de Bartholin, donovanose, linfogranuloma venéreo, actinomicose, doença da arranhadura do gato, tuberculose cutânea e esteatocistoma múltiplo. Assim, por conta da dificuldade de se realizar um diagnóstico diferencial da HS em todo o mundo, existe um atraso diagnóstico de cerca de 7 anos após o início dos primeiros sintomas da doença, impactando negativamente na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos acometidos. Conclusão: O diagnóstico tardio da HS implica um atraso no início terapêutico, trazendo efeitos devastadores para o paciente, devido ao curso progressivo e destrutivo das alterações cutâneas. Assim, o conhecimento acerca dessa condição é muito importante, pois a partir de um diagnóstico mais precoce, minimiza-se os impactos psicossociais negativos nos pacientes e diminui-se os custos em atendimentos a eles.
Publicado
2021-10-08
Como Citar
Swarowsky , I. L. ., Giehl, F. A. ., & Hernandes, C. P. . (2021). DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL DA HIDRADENITE SUPURATIVA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 88. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2232
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