Introdução: Diante dos antigos conhecimentos sobre helioterapia, no século XX, a fototerapia, que consiste na exposição de tecido cutâneo à radiação ultravioleta, findou-se como uma alternativa viável para o tratamento de patologias cutâneas, como no tratamento de doenças fúngicas e bacterianas. Ademais, a fisiopatologia do vírus HIV presume, em muitos casos, a manifestação de prurido cujo pode estar associado a algumas dermatoses. Destarte, observa-se a fototerapia, com UVB e PUVA, como uma técnica válida para pacientes portadores de HIV com expressão de prurido, já que melhora a manifestação do sistema imunológico bem como contém sintomas. Objetivo: Nesse contexto, este estudo buscou correlacionar a fototerapia (com UVB e PUVA) como um tratamento eficiente para pacientes com HIV diante dos quadros de prurido e dermatoses relativos à essa patologia. Material e métodos: Para tal, foi utilizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, através de ferramentas on-line de busca de artigos científicos na língua portuguesa, como Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), Anais de Dermatologia, PubMed e Online Library no intervalo de 2006 a 2021. Resultado: Portanto, através dos estudos, foi constatada a eficiência do uso da fototerapia PUVA e UVB, em pacientes de HIV, promovendo alívio de prurido, englobando elevação de nível sérico de IgE, degranulação de basófilos e mastócitos, aumento da substância P (neuromodulador) em nervos periféricos afetados pelo HIV e diminuição da barreira da epiderme. Outrossim, vale ressaltar que raios UVB promovem apoptose de queratinócitos e linfócitos T por interrupção do ciclo celular; convertem ácido trans urocânico em ácido cisurocânico reduzindo a quantidade e efetividade de células apresentadoras de antígenos; reprimem a totalidade de células natural killer; e outros. Conclusão: Consequentemente, observou-se que o uso da radiação ultravioleta com PUVA e UVB é um aliado para tratar o prurido em enfermos portadores de HIV, tendo em vista as manifestações positivas no sistema imunológico. Ainda, salienta-se que esse tratamento deve ser especializado para cada quadro clínico quanto ao uso dos tipos de radiação, comprimento de onda e sessões, visando resultados mais seguros e eficazes.
Publicado
2021-10-07
Como Citar
Andrade, G. M. ., Milani, B. ., Prado, M. ., Marques, R. M. ., & Santos, A. D. O. D. . (2021). ELUCIDAÇÃO ACERCA DO USO DA FOTOTERAPIA PARA A MELHORA CLÍNICA DE PORTADORES DE HIV COM MANIFESTAÇÃO DE PRURIDO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 49. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2190
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