Início
/
Arquivos
/
v. 2 n. 3 (2021)
/
I Congresso Nacional On-line de Biologia Celular e Estrutural
VACINAS CONTRA SARS-COV-2: ALVOS MOLECULARES E MECANISMOS DE AÇÃO
Autores
Maria Luíza Ferreira Rodrigues
Felipe Oliveira Fernandes De Souza
Kaendra Almeida Vale De Camargo
Lucas Fernandes Modesto
Luiza Helena Gremski
Palavras-chave:
VACINA, COVID-19, VÍRUS SARS-COV-2, MECANISMO, ALVO MOLECULAR
Resumo
Introdução: A pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavírus 2, causador da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave) tornou-se um grande desafio na área da saúde, pela alta taxa de transmissão viral e letalidade significativa. Nesse contexto, o desenvolvimento de vacinas eficazes é essencial como abordagem decisiva para o controle da mortalidade e da própria pandemia. Assim, é necessário o entendimento de alguns princípios imunológicos, entre eles o mecanismo de ação e os alvos moleculares das vacinas, bem como o conhecimento do vírus e sua estrutura, principalmente suas proteínas “spike” (cuja função é mediar a entrada na célula hospedeira). Objetivos: Realizar um levantamento bibliográfico referente às vacinas disponíveis e em desenvolvimento contra o SARS-Cov-2, destacando seus mecanismos de ação e alvos moleculares no processo de resposta imunológica. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura incluindo artigos em inglês relacionados ao desenvolvimento das vacinas contra o SARS-Cov-2, com ênfase nos aspectos imunopatológicos, publicados desde 2020. Como ferramenta de busca foi utilizada a base de dados eletrônica National Library of Medicine, utilizando-se os descritores: “COVID-19”; “Immune response”; “Immunopathology”; “SARS-CoV-2” e “Vaccines”. Resultados: Diversos mecanismos de ação foram estudados no desenvolvimento dessas vacinas. Vacinas de mRNA utilizam a transcrição e tradução, respectivamente, de glicoproteína S, S do tipo selvagem e proteínas estruturais S, M (membrana) e E (envelope) como antígenos do vírus para desencadear a resposta imunológica. Vacinas de Partículas Semelhantes a Vírus (Virus-Like Particles - VLPs) são estruturas proteicas que imitam a estrutura do vírus real sem capacidade infecciosa, induzindo resposta imune por meio da ativação células B ou T, com envolvimento de células T citotóxicas CD8+. Vacinas de vetores não replicantes utilizam comumente o vetor adenoviral para gerar respostas imunes humoral e celular. Há, também, vacinas à base de proteína recombinante e aquelas envolvendo o patógeno atenuado vivo, esta última promove a mesma resposta imune anterior. Por fim, vacinas inativadas utilizam inativação completa ou morte do patógeno para produção de anticorpos contra determinantes antigênicos de glicoproteína hemaglutinina na superfície do vírus. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento de vacinas contra COVID-19 caracterizou-se pelo aprimoramento biotecnológico, pois mecanismos citológicos foram estudados como fator imunológico.
Como Citar
Rodrigues, M. L. F. ., Souza, F. O. F. D., Camargo, K. A. V. D. ., Modesto, L. F. ., & Gremski, L. H. (2021). VACINAS CONTRA SARS-COV-2: ALVOS MOLECULARES E MECANISMOS DE AÇÃO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde , 2 (3), 14. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1955
Seção
I Congresso Nacional On-line de Biologia Celular e Estrutural
ADOConnection.CacheExecute(3600, SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2]) % line 132, file: DAO.inc.php
DAO.retrieveCached(SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2], 3600) % line 91, file: ArticleSearchDAO.inc.php
ArticleSearchDAO.getPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, , 500, 1) % line 201, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 194, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[3], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 132, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedArray(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null) % line 263, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch.retrieveResults(Object:Request, Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, null, Object:DBResultRange, Array[1]) % line 92, file: RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.inc.php
RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.callbackTemplateArticlePageFooter(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 107, file: HookRegistry.inc.php
HookRegistry.call(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 1267, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.smartyCallHook(Array[1], Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 43, file: 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101^1c372c95cd85572e0fbc9a53d0323a0b229cfc78_0.app.frontendpagesarticle.tpl.php
content_6781613650b432_13896783(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 123, file: smarty_template_resource_base.php
Smarty_Template_Resource_Base.getRenderedTemplateCode(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 114, file: smarty_template_compiled.php
Smarty_Template_Compiled.render(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 216, file: smarty_internal_template.php
Smarty_Internal_Template.render(false, 1) % line 232, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase._execute(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null, 1) % line 134, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null) % line 924, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line 292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line 391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line 231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line 143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line 281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line 68, file: index.php
ADOConnection.CacheExecute(3600, SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2]) % line 132, file: DAO.inc.php
DAO.retrieveCached(SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2], 3600) % line 91, file: ArticleSearchDAO.inc.php
ArticleSearchDAO.getPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, , 500, 1) % line 201, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 194, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[3], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 132, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedArray(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null) % line 263, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch.retrieveResults(Object:Request, Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, null, Object:DBResultRange, Array[1]) % line 92, file: RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.inc.php
RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.callbackTemplateArticlePageFooter(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 107, file: HookRegistry.inc.php
HookRegistry.call(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 1267, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.smartyCallHook(Array[1], Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 43, file: 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101^1c372c95cd85572e0fbc9a53d0323a0b229cfc78_0.app.frontendpagesarticle.tpl.php
content_6781613650b432_13896783(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 123, file: smarty_template_resource_base.php
Smarty_Template_Resource_Base.getRenderedTemplateCode(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 114, file: smarty_template_compiled.php
Smarty_Template_Compiled.render(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 216, file: smarty_internal_template.php
Smarty_Internal_Template.render(false, 1) % line 232, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase._execute(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null, 1) % line 134, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null) % line 924, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line 292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line 391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line 231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line 143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line 281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line 68, file: index.php
ADOConnection.CacheExecute(3600, SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2]) % line 132, file: DAO.inc.php
DAO.retrieveCached(SELECT o.submission_id, MAX(s.context_id) AS journal_id, MAX(i.date_published) AS i_pub, MAX(p.date_published) A..., Array[2], 3600) % line 91, file: ArticleSearchDAO.inc.php
ArticleSearchDAO.getPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, , 500, 1) % line 201, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], , null, null, 500, 1) % line 194, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[3], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line 132, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch._getMergedArray(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null) % line 263, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
SubmissionSearch.retrieveResults(Object:Request, Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, null, Object:DBResultRange, Array[1]) % line 92, file: RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.inc.php
RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.callbackTemplateArticlePageFooter(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 107, file: HookRegistry.inc.php
HookRegistry.call(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 1267, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.smartyCallHook(Array[1], Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 43, file: 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101^1c372c95cd85572e0fbc9a53d0323a0b229cfc78_0.app.frontendpagesarticle.tpl.php
content_6781613650b432_13896783(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 123, file: smarty_template_resource_base.php
Smarty_Template_Resource_Base.getRenderedTemplateCode(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 114, file: smarty_template_compiled.php
Smarty_Template_Compiled.render(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line 216, file: smarty_internal_template.php
Smarty_Internal_Template.render(false, 1) % line 232, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase._execute(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null, 1) % line 134, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null) % line 924, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line 292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line 391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line 231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line 143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line 281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line 68, file: index.php
Artigos mais lidos pelo mesmo(s) autor(es)