Introdução: O complexo pênfigo engloba um grupo de dermatopatias autoimunes nas quais anticorpos são direcionados contra as proteínas responsáveis pela adesão celular da epiderme, levando a um quadro cutâneo vesicobolhoso ou pustular. Este complexo pode ser classificado em pênfigo eritematoso, panepidermal, paraneoplásico, induzido por drogas, vegetante, vulgar ou foliáceo, sendo este último o mais comumente diagnosticado em cães. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever um caso de pênfigo foliáceo em um cão. Material e métodos: Foi atendido em ambiente domiciliar na cidade de Londrina – PR um cão da raça Rottweiler, fêmea, castrada, 5 anos, 35 kg com histórico de dermatopatia pruriginosa com evolução de 1 ano. As lesões dermatológicas consistiam em pápulas, pústulas, colaretes epidérmicos, alopecia, crostas melicéricas e hemáticas, descamação foliácea e micácea, inicialmente localizadas em região de ponte nasal, faces interna e externa de pavilhões auriculares, coxins palmo-plantares, região torácica bilateral e região proximal de membros posteriores. Foram realizados testes dermatológicos de triagem: parasitológico de raspado cutâneo, tricograma, cultura fúngica e exame citológico. Foi instituído controle de ectoparasitas e dieta hipoalergênica hidrolisada. Resultados: Os testes diagnósticos iniciais não evidenciaram a presença de ácaros ou dermatófitos, porém a citologia foi sugestiva de piodermite. Foi instituída antibioticoterapia por via oral com cefalexina, no entanto, após um mês o quadro tornou-se generalizado. Foi realizada biópsia incisional para exame histopatológico que resultou no diagnóstico de dermatite intraepidermal pustular subcorneal com acantólise, compatível com a suspeita clínica de pênfigo foliáceo. Foi instituído tratamento imunossupressor com prednisona (2 mg/kg a cada 12 horas) durante 10 dias, no entanto, como não houve uma resposta satisfatória, acrescentou-se a azatioprina na dose inicial de 1,5 mg/kg a cada 24 horas. O animal apresentou resolução do prurido e melhora superior a 90% das lesões dermatológicas cerca de 1 mês após o início do tratamento, foi então iniciada a diminuição gradual de ambas as medicações. Conclusão: Apesar de ser uma doença pouco frequente em cães, o pênfigo foliáceo deve entrar no diagnóstico diferencial das dermatopatias pruriginosas. A azatioprina associada à corticoterapia é uma opção terapêutica viável e de menor custo quando comparada a outros imunossupressores.
Publicado
2021-09-06
Como Citar
Araujo, L. C., Cecci, G. R. M. ., & Silva, D. D. D. (2021). PÊNFIGO FOLIÁCEO EM UM CÃO DA RAÇA ROTTWEILER: RELATO DE CASO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 111. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1932
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