Introdução: As cardiomiopatias constituem um importante grupo de doenças cardíacas, caracterizadas pelo comprometimento estrutural e funcional do músculo cardíaco. As cardiomiopatias são classificadas, na generalidade em cardiomiopatia hipertrófica, cardiomiopatia restritiva, cardiomiopatia dilatada, cardiomiopatia indeterminada e cardiomiopatia arritmogênica ventricular direita. Os animais acometidos pela CMH podem ter uma apresentação clínica sintomática ou assintomática. Os principais sinais clínicos incluem alterações respiratórias devido ao edema pulmonar, como taquipneia, ofegação, cansaço fácil e dispneia. O diagnóstico precoce possibilita estabelecer uma melhor terapêutica aos animais, preservando funções sistêmicas e aumentando a expectativa de vida dos animais. Os biomarcadores têm grande potencial em identificar o estágio assintomático da CMH. O tratamento se dá de acordo com o estadiamento da doença. O prognóstico da CMH costuma ser reservado. Existem fatores variáveis como os sinais e apresentação clínica do animal, doenças secundárias envolvidas e sua resposta aos tratamentos. Objetivo: O principal objetivo é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Felina, abordando etiologia, classificações, apresentação clínica, diagnóstico, tratamento, controle e prevenção, com o enfoque no diagnóstico da doença. Material e Métodos: Seguindo os preceitos de estudo exploratório, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Os materiais utilizados são trabalhos publicados em plataformas reconhecidas na comunidade científica, com o critério de serem recentes (publicados a partir de 2005) e que possuam aprovação pela comunidade científica. Resultados: A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica é das doenças cardiovasculares mais importantes nos felinos. O comprometimento do relaxamento ventricular e pela hipertrofia concêntrica do ventrículo esquerdo acarreta ao aparecimento de alterações da pressão de enchimento ventricular com dilatação do átrio esquerdo, levando ao desenvolvimento de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. O diagnóstico é realizado por ecocardiografia, radiografia e eletrocardiografia. O prognóstico é bastante reservado, sendo possível prolongar a sobrevivência com a instituição da terapêutica mais adequada. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir a importância da cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina como a doença de maior incidência nesta espécie. O diagnóstico complexo de dá por ser uma doença primária ou secundária a uma série de afecções sistêmicas. O exame ecocardiográfico é padrão ouro no diagnóstico da CMH. O prognóstico reservado se dá pelo caráter crônico e progressivo da doença.
Publicado
2021-11-22
Como Citar
Moizes, M. M. N. ., & Silva , R. K. R. D. S. . (2021). DIAGNÓSTICO DA CARDIOMIOPATIA HIPERTRÓFICA FELINA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA ATUAL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 139. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2413
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