Medicamentos psicotrópicos, uso abusivo de medicamentos, transtornos mentais
Resumo
Introdução: Os medicamentos psicotrópicos alteram o funcionamento do sistema nervoso central, causando modificações no estado mental do usuário. Este tipo de medicação é utilizado para o combate da ansiedade, agitação, insônia, angústia e depressão. Houve aumento considerável no uso desses medicamentos, em todo o mundo, nos últimos anos, assim como, no Brasil. Objetivo: Verificar o porquê do aumento do uso abusivo de medicamentos psicotrópicos e suas consequências na saúde. Material e métodos: Este estudo tratou-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática. Utilizou-se as bases de dados Scielo e Google Acadêmico, com descritores “Medicamentos psicotrópicos” e “Abuso de medicamentos psicotrópicos” em inglês e português, sem recorte temporal, com a exclusão daquelas que não apresentavam informações sobre o tema. Resultados: O uso de psicotrópicos aumentou consideravelmente nas últimas décadas devido ao ingresso de novos psicofármacos no mercado farmacêutico, renovação automática de receitas e prescrição excessiva destes medicamentos, já que aliviam os sintomas mais rapidamente do que outras abordagens com efeito à longo prazo. Entretanto, os psicotrópicos não levam à cura, necessitando de uso continuo, causando dependência física e psíquica, diminuição da memória, atenção, força muscular e potência sexual, condições que podem acentuar a ansiedade ou a depressão, criando um ciclo negativo. E, uma vez dependente, a suspensão deve acontecer de forma lenta, necessitando de apoio psicológico e psiquiátrico. Esses medicamentos causam tolerância, levando à necessidade de dosagens cada vez maiores, podendo induzir à automedicação e uso abusivo, com aumento das doses ingeridas, para atingir o efeito desejado. Conclusão: O uso abusivo de medicamentos psicotrópicos aumenta constantemente por proporcionar rapidez no alívio dos sintomas e ter muitos incentivos da indústria farmacêutica. Assim, estes são utilizados mesmo nos casos em que o tratamento psicológico à longo prazo é mais recomendado, trazendo riscos à saúde, como dependência e tolerância, resultando no uso abusivo.
Publicado
2021-04-29
Como Citar
Castanhola, M. E., & Papa, L. P. (2021). USO ABUSIVO DE MEDICAMENTOS PSICOTRÓPICOS E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1028
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