SÍNDROME NEUROLÓGICA PÓS-MALÁRIA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Mariana Calheiros Poloni; Luiza Cardoso de Lima Passoni; Heloisa Vilas Boas Araujo da Silva; Victória Ribeiro de Medeiros; Sônia de Lucena Mioranza

doi:10.51161/rems/746

SÍNDROME NEUROLÓGICA PÓS-MALÁRIA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Autores

Mariana Calheiros Poloni
Luiza Cardoso de Lima Passoni
Heloisa Vilas Boas Araujo da Silva
Victória Ribeiro de Medeiros
Sônia de Lucena Mioranza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/746

Palavras-chave:

Antimaláricos, Malária, Síndrome Neurológica Pós-malária

Resumo

Introdução: A síndrome neurológica pós-malária (SNPM) é uma complicação rara que acomete indivíduos previamente infectados pelo Plasmodium falciparum ou Plasmodium vivax. As manifestações neurológicas são vastas, tendo múltiplos diagnósticos diferenciais, incluindo patologias de mau prognóstico. A fisiopatologia ainda é incerta, sendo relacionada a mecanismos autoimunes ou até mesmo ao uso de antimaláricos, o que reforça a necessidade de mais estudos para esclarecer a correlação entre PMNS e o uso desses medicamentos. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca das causas, apresentação clínica e diagnóstico da SNPM. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão integrativa nas plataformas PubMed e Scielo, utilizando os descritores do Decs e do MeSH, limitando-se a produções de 2017 a 2021. Foram buscados os termos: “síndrome neurológica pós-malária”, “sistema nervoso e malária” e “malária cerebral”. Resultados: A SNPM é significativamente mais frequente em pacientes com a forma grave da doença. Tem início cerca de 15 dias após a eliminação total do parasita, mas pode se manifestar em até 2 meses após o quadro de aparasitemia, fato que a diferencia da malária cerebral. A clínica inclui febre, confusão, convulsões, psicose, mioclonia, afasia, tremores e sintomas cerebelares. Na maioria dos casos há alterações no encefalograma e acometimento de substância branca na ressonância magnética, sugerindo encefalomielite disseminada aguda (EDA) ou encefalite autoimune. Na análise do líquor, pode haver pleocitose linfocítica e hiperproteinemia. Conclusão: A SNPM, apesar de rara e autolimitada, deve ser considerada entre os diagnósticos diferenciais devido à sua possível subnotificação, especialmente entre aqueles pacientes com histórico recente de recuperação de malária que, posteriormente, evoluíram para um quadro neurológico. Ademais, a similaridade clínica entre SNPM e EDA – outra complicação neurológica da malária – demonstra a importância de serem criados critérios diagnósticos bem definidos, principalmente nas regiões endêmicas desta patologia. Ainda, apesar da suspeita que a mefloquina usada no tratamento para malária seja um fator de risco para SNPM, faltam estudos conclusivos que esclareçam se há associação entre esses dois fatores. Isto reforça a necessidade de maior investigação para alternativas farmacológicas no tratamento da malária, uma doença notadamente negligenciada no Brasil.

Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde - V. 2, N. 1, 2021

Publicado

2021-03-01

Como Citar

Poloni, M. C., Passoni, L. C. de L., Silva, H. V. B. A. da, Medeiros, V. R. de, & Mioranza, S. de L. (2021). SÍNDROME NEUROLÓGICA PÓS-MALÁRIA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/746

Baixar Citação

Edição

v. 2 n. 1 (2021): Edição Especial: Anais de Eventos

Seção

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line

Licença

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php