REVISÃO DA LITERATURA: A HETEROGENEIDADE CLÍNICA E EPIDEMIOLÓGICA EM PACIENTES COM LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA NO BRASIL

Autores

  • Victória Nunes Amaru
  • Felipe Marti Garcia Chavez

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/729

Palavras-chave:

Clínica, Epidemiologia, Leishmaniose, Tegumentar

Resumo

Introdução: A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é uma zoonose causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania. Apresenta manifestação heterogênea de pele e mucosas, sendo os vetores insetos hematófagos como os do gênero Lutzomya. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, em 2019 foram registrados 16.135 novos casos de LTA no Brasil, sendo 94,2% na sua forma cutânea. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento bibliográfico para analisar e comparar dados relativos às diferentes manifestações clínicas cutâneas e características epidemiológicas dos pacientes com LTA no Brasil, a fim de ampliar o conhecimento dos profissionais da saúde acerca do tema e auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce da doença. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão da literatura com abordagem descritiva e analítica. Foi realizada em janeiro de 2021 uma busca eletrônica nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. As palavras de busca foram: “leishmaniose”, “tegumentar”, “clínico”, “epidemiológico”, “leishmaniasis”, “cutaneous”, “clinical”, “epidemiological”. Analisaram-se 7 estudos dos últimos 15 anos com foco nas variáveis sexo, faixa etária, forma de apresentação da doença, localização das lesões e características das lesões. Resultados: Houve predomínio da doença em homens, onde 6 estudos indicaram percentuais maiores que 68%. Observou-se maior prevalência em adultos, porém em relação à faixa etária predominante, os resultados foram heterogêneos. A forma cutânea da doença prevaleceu sobre as demais, com o menor percentual de 68%. Referente aos locais das lesões, os mais afetados foram membros inferiores e superiores, cabeça e pescoço, havendo alternância de prevalência desses entre os estudos. As lesões do tipo úlcera foram as mais encontradas, porém lesões do tipo placa, pápula, nódulo, vegetante, crostosa, verrucosa, ectimatóide, infiltrativa, sarcoídica e impetigóide também foram identificadas. Conclusão: No Brasil, a LTA se mostrou mais prevalente em adultos do sexo masculino, o que se deve ao fato desses serem maioria em atividades laborais mais susceptíveis à ação dos vetores, como a lavoura. Em relação à forma cutânea, as áreas do corpo mais afetadas foram aquelas menos protegidas por vestimentas, e diversos tipos de lesão foram identificados, sendo a úlcera mais prevalente. Portanto, torna-se imprescindível conhecer essas variantes para o diagnóstico precoce da LTA.

Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde - V. 2, N. 1, 2021

Publicado

2021-03-01

Como Citar

Amaru, V. N., & Chavez, . F. M. G. (2021). REVISÃO DA LITERATURA: A HETEROGENEIDADE CLÍNICA E EPIDEMIOLÓGICA EM PACIENTES COM LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA NO BRASIL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/729

Edição

v. 2 n. 1 (2021): Edição Especial: Anais de Eventos

Seção

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line

Licença

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php