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v. 2 n. 1 (2021): Edição Especial: Anais de Eventos
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Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line
ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS DAS ESTRONGILOIDÍASE, UMA ATUALIZAÇÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Autores
Amanda dos Santos Amorim
Ana Maria Fernandes Menezes
Cássia Milene Ribeiro Lopes
Palavras-chave:
Estrongiloidíase, Manifestações clínicas, Patogenia
Resumo
Introdução: O Strongyloides stercoralis infecta 30 milhões de pessoas em 70 países, podendo resultar em infecções assintomáticas ou sintomáticas. A capacidade única desse parasita de se replicar no hospedeiro humano permite ciclos de autoinfecção, levando a doenças crônicas que podem durar várias décadas, principalmente em pacientes constipados, idosos, acamados e crianças. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é analisar as principais manifestações clínicas causadas pelo parasita S. stercoralis. Material e Métodos: Esse estudo refere-se a uma exploração bibliográfica, em que se utilizou para sua construção as bases de dados google acadêmico, PubMed, Scielo. Foram selecionados 7 artigos, sendo 3 nacionais e 4 internacional. Resultados: A estrongiloidíase pode ser transmitida através de três tipos: hetero-infecção, ocorre quando as larvas penetram na pele dos pés e mucosa da boca e esôfago; auto-infecção externa, ocorre pela penetração da larva infectante na região perianal e pôr fim a auto-infecção interna acontece quando as larvas se tornam infectantes ainda na luz anal e penetram a mucosa intestinal causando o aumento no número de parasitas no intestino e pulmão (infecção disseminada). Sua patogenia está relacionada a carga parasitária, estado imunitário e a cronicidade. A estrongiloidíase aguda pode causar manifestações pulmonares, como tosse e irritação na traqueia, confundindo-se com bronquite, além disso ela pode causar sintomas gastrointestinais (diarréia, constipação, anorexia, dor abdominal) começam cerca de 2 semanas após a infecção, com larvas detectáveis nas fezes após 3 a 4 semanas. Já a forma crônica pode causar complicações como enterite catarral, ulcerações, que podem permitir a invasão bacteriana, síndrome da má absorção, obstrução intestinal, entre outras. O diagnóstico clínico é muito difícil, pois 50% dos infectados são assintomáticos, sendo assim ele é laboratorial e por meio de exames de imagem. Conclusão: Considerando que esta é uma patologia negligenciada, bem como, a precariedade do sistema público de saúde e que este nematoide é o único que pode causar hiperinfecção esmagadora em indivíduos imunocomprometidos fica clara a necessidade de um diagnóstico precoce, impedindo a evolução da doença para a forma crônica e consequentemente, diminuindo a ocorrência de manifestações clínicas graves que podem levar pacientes a desenvolverem infecções fulminantes e ao óbito.
Como Citar
Amorim, A. dos S., Menezes, A. M. F., & Lopes, C. M. R. (2021). ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS DAS ESTRONGILOIDÍASE, UMA ATUALIZAÇÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde , 2 (1), 50. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/727
Seção
Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line
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