Introdução: Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, cerca de 2 milhões de pessoas morrem anualmente por agravos à saúde em decorrência de diarreia aguda atribuída à ingestão de água, leite e outros importantes alimentos consumidos. Paralelamente a isso, nota-se que a busca por alimentação saudável para melhoria de qualidade de vida vem revelando ao cenário mundial um aumento no consumo de leite e derivados lácteos, ao lado de uma crescente preocupação com a qualidade desses alimentos. Entre os microorganismos patogênicos que podem afetar a saúde humana causando diarreia é o parasita Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), um protozoário coccídeo unicelular flagelado que infecta um terço da população mundial, causando a toxoplasmose - doença que pode ser assintomática, mas que pode desenvolver sintomas variados tais como febre, dor de cabeça, confusão mental, anormalidades na visão, falta de coordenação e convulsões; gestantes podem sofrer abortamento ou os bebês podem nascer com icterícia, surdez, macrocefalia, microcefalia e crises convulsivas. Objetivo: Identificar os riscos de infecção humana por T. gondii quando da ingestão de leites, queijos e outros laticínios contaminados vendidos no mercado informal. Material e métodos: Optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva baseada na técnica de análise de textos obtidos de artigos científicos disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), utilizando as palavras-chave Toxoplasmose; contaminação; laticínios; segurança alimentar, utilizadas individualmente, aos pares e em combinação múltiplos, sempre restritos ao mesmo recorte temporal, respeitando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão de textos pré-definidos neste estudo. Após pré-leitura dos resumos dos textos, foram selecionados 15 artigos científicos que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão préestabelecidos para este estudo. As informações coletadas foram agrupadas em 02 eixos temáticos: Características do Toxoplasma e patogenia; Infecção por Toxoplasma através da ingestão de leite e derivados contaminados. Resultados: Entre os dados avaliados neste estudo, destaca-se que uma das formas de prevenção da infecção por toxoplasma é não ingerir leite não pasteurizado. O produtor de leite e derivados de leite deve atentar para a legislação que regulamenta as condições de criação pecuária e de fabricação destes produtos para serem comercializados sem riscos à saúde da população. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a inspeção sanitária proporciona segurança alimentar e proporciona melhorias ao produto comercializado, conferindo credibilidade ao produtor comerciante.
Publicado
2021-03-01
Como Citar
Medeiros, M. F. (2021). RISCO DE INFECÇÃO POR TOXOPLASMA PELA INGESTÃO DE LEITE CRU E DERIVADOS CONTAMINADOS E VENDIDOS NO COMÉRCIO INFORMAL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/718
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