Introdução: A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença autoimune de caráter inflamatório e crônico caracterizada por uma sinovite crônica e simétrica, que leva a erosão do osso e cartilagem. Objetivo: Relacionar a resposta inflamatória de AR e a influência das parasitoses intestinais. Metodologia: Revisão bibliográfica de artigos disponibilizados nas plataformas Scielo, Pubmed e Scientific Research Publising, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, datados entre 2008 a 2019, com os seguintes descritores: artrite reumatoide parasitoses intestinais, enteroparasitoses pacientes com AR, influência das parasitoses intestinais em pacientes com AR. Resultados: A membrana sinovial é considerada o tecido no qual se inicia e se mantém o processo inflamatório na AR. Atualmente, a causa de AR é a desregulação da produção de interleucina (IL)‐ 17, responsável pela ativação das células T e B, bem como dos macrófagos, que liberam citocinas como IL‐ 1 , IL‐ 6 e fator de necrose tumoral (TNF‐ α). Estudos indicam que helmintos podem modular a resposta imune proporcionando um ambiente anti-inflamatório que ajude sua sobrevivência no hospedeiro, anulando respostas imunes pró-inflamatórias, suprimem respostas dos linfócitos Th-1 e Th-17, além de estimular o desenvolvimento de respostas dos linfócitos Th-2, importantes nas doenças reumáticas autoimunes, como AR, pois a infecção de helmintos contribui para o alívio dos sintomas. Estudos indicam que Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Ascaris suum, Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri e Hymenolepsis diminuta são parasitas que possuem efeito protetor no processo inflamatório são. Um estudo, o qual fez uso de administração de um extrato de Ascaris suum na artrite experimental induzida por colágeno e por zimosan em ratos e camundongos, assinalou melhoria clínica e estrutural nas duas tipologias, reduzindo a liberação de mediadores inflamatórios como o NO, IL-1 β e IL-10. O efeito benéfico ocorreu a nível funcional e estrutural, abrangendo hiperalgesia articular, redução de danos da cartilagem articular, prevenção da perda de glicosaminoglicanos e revogação da sinovite crônica com redução de macrófagos e linfócitos. Conclusão: A produção de um ambiente imunologicamente controlado como resultado da infecção por helmintos pode diminuir a severidade de uma doença reumática simultânea. Helmintos influenciam beneficamente na resposta inflamatória, podendo auxiliar no tratamento de doenças autoimunes como a AR.
Publicado
2021-03-01
Como Citar
Lazzarotto, . E. L., Gobi, F. R., da Silva, K. G., & D’Agostini, . F. M. (2021). A INFLUÊNCIA DAS PARASITOSES INTESTINAIS SOBRE A SUPRESSÃO DA RESPOSTA PRÓ-INFLAMATÓRIA EM PACIENTES COM ARTRITE REUMATOIDE. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/701
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