Introdução: A leishmaniose é uma doença endêmica em cerca de noventa países no mundo, além de ser um problema crítico na saúde do Brasil. Uma de suas derivações é a leishmaniose mucocutânea (LMC), uma infecção crônica que acomete geralmente a mucosa bucal e o trato respiratório superior, causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania. Apesar de ser uma forma mais rara, a LMC na sua forma clássica é uma agravação da leishmaniose cutânea em si, ou seja, as lesões na mucosa vão se manifestando de maneira secundária à doença origem; isso pode ocorrer devido a tratamento inadequado ou ausência dele. As consequências dessa doença vão de dor, disfagia e odinofagia a desnutrição e cicatrização lenta, causadas pelas lesões ulcerativas e granulomatosas características, que se não forem tratadas podem levar a desfiguração da face do paciente. Objetivo: Sintetizar informações relevantes da leishmaniose mucocutânea, pontuando sua relevância no Brasil e no mundo, dados da doença, sintomas e magnitude. Material e métodos: O trabalho compõe-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com sua fundamentação teórica baseada em artigos de plataformas virtuais, como SciELO e PubMed datados entre os anos de 2012 e 2020. Resultados: No Brasil, até 6% dos casos de leishmaniose são do tipo mucocutânea, entretanto, em municípios endêmicos esses números podem chegar até 25%, constituindo um grave problema de saúde pública. Pesquisas indicaram também que a América Latina é a região mais importante dessa endemia mundialmente, na qual num período de um ano foram registrados cerca de dois mil casos, em que o Paraguai registrou 50% destes. Conclusão: Essa derivação da doença endêmica original possui diagnóstico difícil e exige essencialmente o papel de uma equipe multidisciplinar em seu auxílio para planejar o melhor tratamento. O acompanhamento após o início do tratamento e o fim da LMC também é relevante destacar para que o protozoário não consiga mais evoluir para nenhum tipo de leishmaniose.
Publicado
2021-03-01
Como Citar
Camargo, M. F. R., Barbosa, R. V., Shimabukuro, J. E., & Takizawa, . M. das G. M. H. (2021). LEISHMANIOSE MUCOCUTÂNEA: UM AGRAVANTE ENDÊMICO MUNDIAL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/695
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