ASPECTOS FISIOPATOLÓGICOS E CLÍNICO-LABORATORIAIS DAS COAGULOPATIAS DESENVOLVIDAS POR PACIENTES INFECTADOS PELO SARS-COV-2

Autores

  • Mariana Barbosa Maciel Picanço
  • Eduarda Rabêlo Lima
  • Gabrielle Benevides Lima
  • Pedro Erbet Belém Filho Morais

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/628

Palavras-chave:

Coagulopatias, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

Resumo

Introdução: A COVID-19, identificada inicialmente como uma infecção respiratória com potencial de gravidade, também se relaciona com eventos tromboembólicos. O desenvolvimento de coagulopatias é um importante marcador de mau prognóstico em pacientes com a doença. Constatou-se que o estado de hipercoagulabilidade é frequentemente encontrado em pacientes que evoluem com maior gravidade, relacionando-se com eventos isquêmicos diversos. Objetivo: Abordar aspectos fisiopatológicos e clínico-laboratoriais das coagulopatias desenvolvidas por pacientes infectados pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura a partir da análise de 15 artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados “Pubmed” e “Scielo”, no período entre maio e novembro de 2020. Utilizou-se os termos de pesquisa “COVID-19” e “Coagulopatias”. Resultados: O desenvolvimento de coagulopatias em pacientes infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 relaciona-se com a capacidade de o vírus lesionar o vaso endotelial, devido ao tropismo deste pela Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina 2 (ECA2), expressa nos endotélios. Explica-se, também, pela hipoxemia grave observada em tais pacientes, que desencadeia o estímulo da síntese do HIF-1-alfa, a inibição das vias fibrinolíticas e o estímulo das vias pró-trombóticas. O aumento dos níveis de D-dímero constitui importante marcador de prognóstico nesses pacientes. Podem ser detectados, também, alargamento do tempo de protrombina (TP), devido ao consumo de fatores de coagulação. A monitoração de marcadores laboratoriais, como plaquetas, TP, D-dímero, fibrinogênio, proteína C reativa, ferritina, interleucina-6 e procalcitonina, torna-se indispensável. Apesar da profilaxia antitrombótica, ainda há uma alta incidência de eventos tromboembólicos, havendo a necessidade do uso de doses medicamentosas mais elevadas e personalizadas, com destaque para a heparina de baixo peso molecular. Conclusão: A COVID-19 apresenta estreita relação com eventos tromboembólicos, sendo importante o reconhecimento do risco de coagulopatias nos pacientes infectados, no intuito de efetuar a intervenção profilática necessária, de melhorar o prognóstico e de reduzir a mortalidade de tais pacientes.

Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde - V. 2, N. 1, 2021

Publicado

2021-02-01

Como Citar

Picanço, M. B. M., Lima, E. R., Lima, G. B. ., & Morais, . P. E. B. F. (2021). ASPECTOS FISIOPATOLÓGICOS E CLÍNICO-LABORATORIAIS DAS COAGULOPATIAS DESENVOLVIDAS POR PACIENTES INFECTADOS PELO SARS-COV-2. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/628

Edição

v. 2 n. 1 (2021): Edição Especial: Anais de Eventos

Seção

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Hematologia Clínico-laboratorial On-line

Licença

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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