Introdução: A Síndrome CAHA (Anormalidades Hemostáticas Associadas à COVID19), é um processo inflamatório endotelial que predispõe a trombose, devido a anormalidades de coagulação, principalmente um estado de hipercoagulabilidade, decorrente da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Casos de COVID-19 que desenvolvem tal síndrome e não foram corretamente tratados, podem evoluir para severidade. Objetivo: Analisar terapias antitrombóticas e antiplaquetárias, bem como as orientações para a sua utilização em pacientes com COVID-19 diagnosticado ou suspeito. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura na base Pubmed (Medline), utilizando os termos de pesquisa: “Antithrombotic” “COVID-19” “Management” “Anticoagulant”. Encontrou-se 28 artigos, sendo selecionados 16 estudos observacionais, pertencentes ao ano de 2020, sem restrição de idioma. Resultados: Entre os anticoagulantes, as heparinas de baixo peso molecular (HBPM) apresentam menos interações medicamentosas e mais mecanismos de proteção fisiopatológica quando comparadas aos antagonistas da vitamina K e aos anticoagulantes orais de ação direta (DOAC). Recomenda-se que as HBPM sejam utilizadas como profilaxia em todos os pacientes na ausência de contraindicações, pacientes graves, hospitalizados e com alto risco para tromboembolismo venoso. Casos confirmados de COVID-19 em pacientes em uso crônico de anticoagulante devem avaliar o risco trombótico e hemorrágico, caso o risco hemorrágico não seja relevante, deve-se manter o tratamento, mas há possibilidade de realizar a substituição por HBPM inicialmente. Nota-se que os antirretrovirais usados no tratamento do COVID-19 reagem com os DOAC elevando sua concentração e aumentando o risco hemorrágico. Além disso, podem inibir os anticoagulantes e acentuar o risco de trombose. Assim, visando prevenir as complicações hemorrágicas pode-se suspender os DOAC e substituí-los por estratégias antitrombóticas parenterais alternativas enquanto os agentes antivirais forem necessários. Conclusão: No contexto atual, ainda não há evidência concreta da melhor terapêutica para tromboembolismo desencadeado em pacientes com COVID-19, a maioria encontra-se em fase de teste e apresenta a recomendação baseada em resultados favoráveis.
Publicado
2021-02-01
Como Citar
Oliveira, G., Barbosa, . S. G., Schultz, M., Borges, J. R., & Araújo, M. C. M. de S. (2021). TERAPIA ANTITROMBÓTICA EM PACIENTES COM COVID-19: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/620
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