Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas Crônicas, Transplante de CélulasTronco Hematopoéticas, Trombocitemia Essencial
Resumo
Introdução: A trombocitemia essencial (TE) é uma doença crônica, que acomete geralmente pessoas maiores de 60 anos. Apresenta um curso benigno e sobrevida semelhante à da população em geral, porém, com um impacto na qualidade de vida dos portadores. Os episódios trombóticos e hemorrágicos são as principais causas de morbimortalidade e em torno de 10% dos pacientes evoluem para mielofibrose (MF) em 10 anos após o diagnóstico, sendo o transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH) o único tratamento curativo. Objetivo: Buscar na literatura informações que comprovem a possibilidade do TCTH em pacientes diagnosticados com TE para a melhoria na qualidade de vida, obtendo a cura e evitando que a doença evolua para MF. Material e métodos: O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado utilizando como fonte de dados os artigos publicados no PubMed. Foram utilizados para busca dos artigos, os seguintes descritores e suas combinações nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola: “Trombocitemia Essencial”, “Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas”, “Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas Crônicas”. Resultados: O TCTH é um importante método de tratamento para doenças hematológicas, oncológicas, hereditárias e imunológicas, porém, é considerado um procedimento longo, agressivo e de alto custo financeiro, que acarreta severos efeitos colaterais. O TCTH quase nunca é realizado em TE devido ao perfil risco-benefício desfavorável. Para os pacientes mais idosos, a taxa de mortalidade associada ao transplante é maior, mesmo quando utilizado um regime não-mieloablativo e a pega medular na maioria das vezes é apenas transitória. Conclusão: Não há na literatura artigos sobre a indicação do TCTH para pacientes com TE. Considerando a baixa agressividade da doença, a porcentagem diminuída de casos que evoluem para mielofibrose e o risco-benefício de submeter um paciente idoso ao TCTH, conclui-se que o transplante não é recomendado para pacientes com TE, mas sim, recomendado para aqueles pacientes que evoluem para mielofibrose ou leucemia mieloide aguda.
Publicado
2021-02-01
Como Citar
Zeck, S. C., Faria, P. S. R. de, Cruz, R. S., Coelho, . T. A., & Bicalho, . M. da G. (2021). TRANSPLANTE DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO HEMATOPOÉTICAS NA TROMBOCITEMIA ESSENCIAL. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/614
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