TÉCNICA DE CERCLAGEM CERVICAL NA EMERGÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA
Autores
Millena Fontes Soares
Danielle Correia Furtado
Profª Ma. Livia Nornyan Medeiros Silva
Palavras-chave:
emergência obstétrica, gravidez, saúde da mulher
Resumo
Introdução: Sabe-se que a perda gestacional durante o terceiro trimestre de gestação é um evento raro, que em geral, tem causa idiopática. No entanto, a incompetência istmo cervical tem se destacado como um dos fatores que promovem esta perda devido a um encurtamento do colo uterino, seguido de uma dilatação cervical, na qual tem-se uma abertura deste colo antes do tempo previsto, que pode seguir de expulsão rápida do concepto. Nestes casos, para prolongar a gravidez de pacientes com cervicodilatação, utiliza-se o método de cerclagem cervical. Objetivo: Discutir acerca da cerclagem cervical de emergência, no sentido de compreender o que a literatura mais recente aponta sobre o quadro, e promover uma reflexão sobre essa técnica importante no contexto médico emergencista brasileiro. Material e métodos: Foi feita uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a cerclagem cervical de emergência nas bases de dados: PubMed, Cochrane Library e SciELO. A identificação foi feita através de descrições sobre “cervical cerclage”, utilizou-se como filtros os publicados nos últimos cinco anos e gratuitos. Resultados: Um estudo comparativo entre cerclagem e tratamento em repouso como terapia para incompatibilidade istmocervical, mostrou que aquela apresentou melhores resultados com um período de latência menor e maior idade gestacional no parto. Logo, sendo mais adequada, a cerclagem sobressaiu ao repouso em pacientes com dilatação cervical no segundo trimestre. Investigou-se o efeito da cerclagem de emergência nas gestações gemelares de risco, os resultados foram questionáveis, entretanto, revelou que complicações e partos agudamente prematuros foram comuns em pacientes de gravidez gemelar com dilatação cervical e membranas protuberantes. No caso de dilatação cervical avançada foi demonstrado, a partir de uma análise com pacientes que manifestaram dilatação cervical >4cm com membranas salientes, menor sucesso da cerclagem cervical de emergência. Com isso, a ausência de membranas prolapsadas é pertinente para o sucesso da cerclagem cervical. Ademais, constatou-se influência da dilatação avançada (>4cm) na prevalência de complicações. Conclusão: Diante dos estudos analisados, é possível concluir que a cerclagem cervical é o método terapêutico mais eficiente, no entanto, é importante analisar a situação clínica da paciente e informar sobre os possíveis riscos na execução do procedimento.
Publicado
2020-09-01
Como Citar
Soares, M. F., Furtado, D. C., & Silva, P. M. L. N. M. (2020). TÉCNICA DE CERCLAGEM CERVICAL NA EMERGÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 80. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/456
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