Introdução: A Cannabis sativa é uma planta utilizada para fins medicinais ou recreativos. No entanto, apesar dos benefícios, ela pode apresentar toxicidade que afeta as condições histológicas do indivíduo conduzindo a alterações patológicas. Objetivo: Analisar na literatura os comprometimentos histopatológicos na toxicidade aguda pelo uso de Cannabis sativa. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica realizada a partir de buscas na Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde(BVS) e PubMed com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): “(Histology) AND (Cannabis)” para as duas primeiras, enquanto que para PubMed utilizou-se “(Acute Toxicity) AND Cannabis) AND Histology ” AND “Agrochemicals”. Foram identificados 280 artigos durante os últimos 5 anos, sendo excluídos os artigos duplicados e aqueles que não respondessem qual o comprometimento histopatológico nos estudos de toxicidade aguda que utilizaram Cannabis Sativa, bem como revisões, literatura cinzenta, cartas, editoriais, relatos de caso e experiência e os artigos que não se enquadram no período, restando 8 evidências científicas como amostra da pesquisa. Resultados: Identificou-se, após a análise dos artigos, que a toxicidade da Cannabis Sativa está associada a alterações prejudiciais no epitélio seminífero dos testículos com redução significativa no diâmetro, consequente baixos níveis séricos de testosterona e gonadotrofina hipofisária, que provoca espermáticos diminuídos, alta fragmentação de DNA no esperma e fertilidade masculina reduzida. Além disso, mostra-se um aumento da ansiedade e modificações histológicas no tecido adiposo como necrose e inflamação, alterações nos macrófagos intra-alveolares apresentando pigmentados marrons. Ao que se refere ao Sistema nervoso encontram-se pequenas alterações em células, com fragmentação e presença de células picnóticas associadas à redução na densidade neuronal. A exposição à cannabis, especificamente, em gestantes está relacionada a alterações estruturais na retina do feto, deixando-a mais fina e provocando um possível atendimento oftálmico precoce a esse indivíduo. Aponta-se ainda, que durante esse período a exposição à cannabis pode afetar o desenvolvimento do tecido nervoso fetal, causando deficiências neurológicas, hiperatividade, função cognitiva deficiente e alterações nos receptores dopaminérgicos em crianças. Conclusão: Existe uma importante associação entre o uso de Cannabis Sativa, com comprometimento histopatológico de diferentes sistemas do organismo.
Publicado
2022-03-09
Como Citar
Oliveira, A. I. P. de ., Brandão, E. C. S. ., Costa, F. H. M. da ., Silva, J. C. ., & Celestino, R. T. S. . (2022). ANÁLISE HISTOPATOLÓGICA DA TOXICIDADE AGUDA DA CANNABIS SATIVA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 34. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/3217
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