Introdução: Infecções hospitalares se manifestam durante a internação ou após a alta, relacionando-se ao processo de hospitalização e aos procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos empregados. É uma complicação comum nos pacientes hospitalizados e configura-se como importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade especialmente em recém-nascidos, por estes serem mais vulneráveis imunologicamente. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral descrever o estado da arte sobre a avaliação dos principais fatores que estão relacionados ao aparecimento de infecções hospitalares em recém-nascidos. Material e métodos: Revisão de literatura que utilizou a busca eletrônica na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e na Scientific Electronic Library (SCIELO), de estudos publicados nos últimos 06 anos, sobre a temática infecção hospitalar em recém-nascidos nos idiomas português e espanhol. Após a pesquisa eletrônica, selecionou-se 08 referências que se relacionavam ao objeto de estudo. Para a análise e interpretação dos dados utilizou-se o método de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Fatores como prematuridade, baixo peso ao nascer e tempo de internação são condições desencadeadoras de infecção hospitalar. Da mesma forma, uma quantidade maior de intervenções e o uso de dispositivos tornam estes pacientes expostos e suscetíveis à invasão pela microbiota das unidades hospitalares, em especial no que tange o uso principalmente de cateter umbilical, cateter venoso periférico, cateter venoso central por via percutânea e ventilação mecânica. Em outro tocante, os fatores de riscos maternos são apontados na literatura como aspectos relevantes e que remetem a uma prudência ascendente no atendimento de mulheres gestantes. Enfatiza-se também a importância que perpassa pelos profissionais da saúde, especialmente a equipe de enfermagem, por estes apresentarem maior proximidade com os pacientes e familiares, tudo isto associado à manipulação constante dos neonatos. Conclusão: Foi possível constatar que a infecção hospitalar é um problema de saúde pública, que implica na necessidade de implementação de medidas de controle e prevenção, a fim de reduzir suas taxas, bem como as consequências negativas para os recém-nascidos, para os familiares e para a instituição de saúde, possibilitando uma assistência de qualidade.
Publicado
2020-09-01
Como Citar
Santos, C. V. R. dos, Jatobá, D. da S., & Pereira, A. T. (2020). FATORES DE RISCO ÀS INFECÇÕES HOSPITALARES EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 10. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/316
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