ESPONDILITE ANQUILOSANTE JUVENIL: RELATO DE CASO

Autores

  • Rafaela Leandro Lima
  • Maria Helena Mariano
  • Juliana Moura Falcão

Palavras-chave:

Espondilite anquilosante, Artrite relacionada à entesite, Artrite idiopática juvenil

Resumo

Introdução: A espondilite anquilosante (EA) é uma doença inflamatória crônica que acomete preferencialmente a coluna vertebral e articulações sacroilicas. Dentro das Espondiloartrites, temos a forma Juvenil (EAJ), com início antes dos 16 anos e com sintomas de entesopatias e artrites periféricas1. Objetivos: relato de caso incomum da EAJ com acometimento axial. Métodos: T.M.R.S, 23 anos, sexo masculino, desempregado, raça branca, apresentou aos 14 anos, episódios de dores de caráter inflamatório em região de coluna dorsal e lombar, sem outros sintomas. Procurou vários serviços de ortopedia sem obter êxito no diagnóstico. Atendido por reumatologista, que suspeitou de EAJ. Iniciou tratamento com Sulfassalazina, dois anos após o início dos sintomas, foi encaminhado ao Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz (HUOC/UPE), confirmando diagnóstico de EAJ. Assim, foi iniciado tratamento com imunobiológico, havendo remissão dos sintomas inflamatórios, porém as alterações do segmento axial já estavam instaladas, prejudicando sua atividade laboral, devido à incapacidade funcional. Resultados: O paciente em questão relata que o início dos sintomas ocorreu por volta dos 12-14 anos de idade, corroborando dados da literatura. No entanto, a apresentação clínica se deu de forma atípica, onde houve os sintomas axiais, ou seja, dor de caráter inflamatório, em coluna lombar e articulação sacroilíaca sem presença de entesite e artrite periférica. No caso relatado, houve um envolvimento precoce do componente axial e grande comprometimento estrutural e funcional. A gravidade da espondilite anquilosante é frequentemente alta em casos juvenis2. Conclusão: O espectro da manifestação da EAJ consiste em: idade abaixo de 16 anos, entesopatias e artrites periféricas. É preciso estar atento para o início atípico dos sintomas, como no caso relatado, onde houve comprometimento axial precoce sem nenhuma queixa periférica. O diagnóstico precoce resulta em instituição de terapêutica adequada, resultando em melhores desfechos, evitando possíveis complicações e morbidade associadas.

Publicado

2020-09-01

Como Citar

Lima, R. L., Mariano, M. H. ., & Falcão, J. M. (2020). ESPONDILITE ANQUILOSANTE JUVENIL: RELATO DE CASO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(3), 1. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/298

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