Introdução: O câncer é uma patologia de alta prevalência global, responsável por elevadas taxas de mortalidade devido a proliferação celular anormal, podendo atingir diversos órgãos. Desta forma, é de extrema importância a criação de novas terapias antitumorais que minimizem os efeitos colaterais intrínsecos dos tratamentos convencionais. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a capacidade antitumoral dos fitocanabinóides presentes na Cannabis sativa, visando uma nova abordagem terapêutica. Material e métodos: Ao elaborar esta revisão foram usados artigos e pesquisas científicas do período de 2011 a 2021 disponíveis no banco de dados National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Resultados: A Cannabis sativa possui inúmeras aplicações terapêuticas, dentre elas a redução dos efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia e radioterapia, devido ao alívio das náuseas, da ansiedade, da dor e do distúrbio do sono. Ademais, estudos in vitro e in vivo têm demonstrado bons prognósticos com regressão tumoral em pacientes acometidos por glioma, câncer de mama e câncer de pâncreas que utilizaram os fitocanabinoides (CBD e/ou THC) como terapia adjuvante ao tratamento convencional. Dentre os possíveis mecanismos de ação, pode-se citar a apoptose de células cancerosas que apresentam maior expressão de receptores CB2, sinergismo com a quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia, inibição da angiogênese e da metástase. Portanto, é de suma importância que exista um incentivo à pesquisa dos compostos bioativos da Cannabis com intuito de fornecer uma abordagem terapêutica personalizada e com diminuição de efeitos adversos, modelo pelo qual já é implementado em Israel. Conclusão: A combinação entre as dosagens adequadas de fitocanabinoides e o tratamento anticancerígeno tradicional, tem apresentado uma maior capacidade de redução tumoral se comparado aos tratamentos isolados. Além disso, o diferencial está no fato da Cannabis sativa também ser utilizada para manejo dos sintomas debilitantes da quimioterapia e radioterapia, promovendo maior qualidade de vida para os pacientes. Há necessidade de mais estudos clínicos para aperfeiçoar as estratégias terapêuticas, bem como identificar o potencial de outros compostos presentes na planta.
Publicado
2021-12-21
Como Citar
Moreira, E. A. ., & Ramos, R. . (2021). POTENCIAL ANTINEOPLÁSICO DOS FITOCANABINÓIDES. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 137. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2901
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