ALTERAÇÕES HISTOPATOLÓGICAS TESTICULARES E EPIDIDIMAIS DECORRENTES DA HANSENÍASE VIRCHOWIANA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Autores

  • Amanda Moura Cavalheiro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2713

Palavras-chave:

HANSENÍASE VIRCHOWIANA, HISTOLOGIA, MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE

Resumo

Introdução: A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa crônica causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae que apresenta quatro manifestações clínicas. A hanseníase acomete a pele, testículos, nervos periféricos e o sistema retículoendotelial, entre outros órgãos e sistemas. O Brasil é o segundo país com maior número de casos. Objetivos: Este trabalho apresenta como objetivo demonstrar, através de uma revisão bibliográfica atualizada, os aspectos histopatológicos e de prognóstico da hanseníase virchowiana. Metodologia: Este é um estudo de revisão bibliográfica, no qual foi realizada uma revisão e análise de literatura sobre histopatologia da hanseníase virchowiana entre os anos de 1956 a 2021, nas bases de dados PubMed (gratuito), SCIELO (gratuito) e CAPES (assinante), utilizando-se os seguintes descritores, em português e inglês: hanseníase virchowiana, histopatologia da hanseníase virchowiana e Mycobacterium leprae. Dos quarenta e seis artigos antepostos, quinze foram excluídos por não contribuírem efetivamente com o objetivo desse trabalho. Resultados: As lesões testiculares e epididimais são comuns apenas na forma virchowiana da hanseníase com alterações macro e microscópicas. Os testículos são acometidos em aproximadamente 75% dos casos e suas modificações histológicas incluem: fibrose e atrofia testicular, atrofia numérica dos túbulos seminíferos com compressão pelas células de Virchow (macrófagos) no interstício levando à perda das células germinativas, restando apenas as células de suporte (células de Sertoli) e o arcabouço reticulínico, que toma aspecto hialino; hiperplasia e aglomerados das células intersticiais (de Leydig). As alterações epididimais, apesar de menos frequentes (15% dos casos), também possuem desdobramentos graves. Observa-se infiltração celular densa fora da parede do túbulo epididimal com compressão acentuada e obstrução do lúmen, cauda epididimal nodular com linfócitos e células plasmáticas, cabeça e corpo colapsados, e, com a coloração Ziehl-Neelsen, é possível visualizar bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes. Em ambos os órgãos, as alterações frequentemente levam a complicações como orquite, azoospermia, infertilidade e esterilidade. Conclusões: A escassez de estudos brasileiros acerca das alterações histopatológicas da hanseníase mostra-se preocupante, já que a doença ainda é um agravo na saúde pública brasileira. Portanto, sua avaliação é fundamental para elucidação diagnóstica e um maior conhecimento acerca de seu prognóstico, evitando incapacidades e mantendo a qualidade de vida do paciente.

Publicado

2021-12-13

Como Citar

Cavalheiro, A. M. . (2021). ALTERAÇÕES HISTOPATOLÓGICAS TESTICULARES E EPIDIDIMAIS DECORRENTES DA HANSENÍASE VIRCHOWIANA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 5. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2713

Edição

v. 2 n. 4 (2021)

Seção

I Congresso On-line Nacional de Histologia e Embriologia Humana

Licença

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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