Introdução: A Erliquiose Monocítica Canina (EMC), Pancitopenia Canina ou Febre Hemorrágica, mais conhecida como Ehrlichia canis, é uma patologia infecciosa transmitida por um vetor, o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus, este é, portador da bactéria intracelular Ehrlichia canis, que possui tropismo pelas células sanguíneas, afetando o sistema imune do animal infectado. A EMC já foi relatada em praticamente todos os estados do Brasil, sua alta incidência e gravidade patológica tornam o estudo e o diagnóstico precoce da doença ainda mais relevantes. Essa enfermidade não apresenta predileção por raça, sexo, porte, idade; além disso, diversas doenças transmitidas pelo carrapato são de extrema importância para a saúde pública, já que homem é um dos hospedeiros, caracteriza-se como uma zoonose. Objetivos: Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo demonstrar as manifestações hematológicas da EMC. Material e métodos: O conteúdo abordado teve embasamento teórico de pesquisas bibliográficas de artigos científicos, revistas e livros. Resultados: A moléstia é subdividida em três fases, sendo elas, fase aguda tem o período de de 8 a 20 dias, a bactéria multiplica-se nas células mononucleares da circulação sanguínea disseminando-se para os órgãos como fígado, baço e linfonodos. As manifestações hematológicas encontradas são trombocitopenia, anemia normocítica normocrômica arregenerativa e leucopenia discreta. A fase subclínica tem o período de incubação variável de 6 a 9 semanas após a infecção, podendo persistir por meses ou anos. Os animais apresentam-se clinicamente saudáveis, contudo, permanecem potenciais portadores da doença, os organismos continuam alojados nas células mononucleares do hospedeiro. A fase crônica, caracteriza-se pelo comprometimento da medula óssea; pancitopenia, decorrente da redução dos níveis plasmáticos de hemácias, leucócitos e plaquetas; e trombocitopenia severa que confere coagulopatia de hemostasia primária com os seguintes sinais clínicos: epistaxe, petéquias/equimoses, melena, hematúria, hifema e hemorragia de retina. Contudo, as manifestações hematológicas podem variar conforme cada indivíduo e fase da doença. Conclusão: Diante das alterações e complicações descritas acima, sabe-se que quanto mais precoce é feito o diagnóstico da Ehrlichia canis, melhor o prognóstico esperado, em contrapartida, o diagnóstico realizado de maneira tardia e/ou erroneamente, podendo levar o animal a óbito.
Publicado
2021-11-18
Como Citar
Ferreira, B. E. ., César, P. V. P. ., Pereira, C. T. ., Lima, J. R. de ., Ono, P. Y. A. ., & Ferreira, B. E. . (2021). MANIFESTAÇÕES HEMATOLÓGICAS DA ERLIQUIOSE MONOCÍTICA CANINA - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2394
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