ANÁLISE DAS PRINCIPAIS INFECÇÕES OPORTUNISTAS NO HIV: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Frederico Hahnemann Walker De Medeiros Do Nascimento  Filho; Anna Flávia Egito De  Melo; Kennedy De Paula  Sousa; João Felipe Azevedo  Arraes; Laís Laura De  Souza

doi:10.51161/rems/2143

ANÁLISE DAS PRINCIPAIS INFECÇÕES OPORTUNISTAS NO HIV: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Autores

Frederico Hahnemann Walker De Medeiros Do Nascimento Filho
Anna Flávia Egito De Melo
Kennedy De Paula Sousa
João Felipe Azevedo Arraes
Laís Laura De Souza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2143

Palavras-chave:

COINFECÇÃO, HIV, INFECÇÕES OPORTUNISTAS, SÍNDROME DA IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA ADQUIRIDA

Resumo

Introdução: O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) promove a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) em seres humanos, uma doença de alta mortalidade e muito discutida no meio científico. Assim, uma das principais características do HIV é a imunossupressão dos infectado, possibilitando infecções oportunistas. O mecanismo da imunossupressão ainda estudado, mas sabe-se que se deve a capacidade de promover disfunção dos leucócitos. Indivíduos soropositivos possuem maior suscetibilidade a viroses, bacterioses e parasitoses; como destaque a tuberculose, agravada pela disfunção dos macrófagos, facilitando o surgimento de bactérias da tuberculose multirresistente. A Leishmaniose visceral (LV) é a principal doença parasitária na AIDS. A doença que representa maior perigo é a coinfecção da Hepatite C (HCV) devido a sua alta mortalidade e pior prognóstico, quando associado ao HIV. Objetivo: Elucidar as principais doenças oportunistas em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. Materiais e métodos: Este resumo contou com a seleção de 32 artigos gratuitos da base de dados do PUBMED desde 2015 , dentre os quais 12 foram excluídos. Resultados: O HIV contribuiu para o ressurgimento da tuberculose nas últimas décadas, sendo a principal causa de morte desses indivíduos. A coinfecção com HIV torna os macrófagos alveolares mais permissivos ao crescimento microbacteriano (MB) inicial ao restringir o controle imunológico precoce e retardar o início da imunidade adaptativa, levando a um ponto de ajuste MB elevado e maior carga bacteriana. A LV promove condições que dificultam a manifestação da AIDS bem como sua progressão clínica, além de diminuir a expectativa de vida dos infectados. A infecção por HCV e HIV possuem similaridades nas rotas de transmissão, sendo assim, é comum a coinfecção. A grande dificuldade encontrada é em relação ao tratamento, pois acarreta um risco significativo de disseminação e surtos, geralmente associados ao uso de drogas injetáveis. Conclusão: Como o HIV promove uma imunossupressão, comumente são vistas doenças oportunistas. As mais comuns são a coinfecção por tuberculose, LV e HCV; devido a diminuição da ação dos leucócitos e alteração na resposta imune. Logo, é essencial ter o acompanhamento necessário ao notar desenvolvimento da AIDS, de forma a evitar essas possíveis doenças.

Publicado

2021-10-07

Como Citar

Filho, F. H. W. D. M. D. N. ., Melo, A. F. E. D. ., Sousa, K. D. P. ., Arraes, J. F. A. ., & Souza, L. L. D. . (2021). ANÁLISE DAS PRINCIPAIS INFECÇÕES OPORTUNISTAS NO HIV: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(4), 05. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/2143

Baixar Citação

Edição

v. 2 n. 4 (2021)

Seção

I Congresso Brasileiro de Doenças Infectocontagiosas On-line

Licença

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

O conteúdo desta revista foi migrado para https://editoraintegrar.com.br

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
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      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php

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                                                            ArticleSearchDAO.getPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, , 500, 1) % line  201, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                                         SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[1], , null, null, 500, 1) % line  146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                                      SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], , null, null, 500, 1) % line  194, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                                   SubmissionSearch._getMergedPhraseResults(Object:Journal, Array[4], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line  146, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                                SubmissionSearch._getMergedKeywordResults(Object:Journal, Array[3], null, null, null, 500, 1) % line  132, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                             SubmissionSearch._getMergedArray(Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null) % line  263, file: SubmissionSearch.inc.php
                                          SubmissionSearch.retrieveResults(Object:Request, Object:Journal, Array[1], null, null, null, Object:DBResultRange, Array[1]) % line   92, file: RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.inc.php
                                       RecommendBySimilarityPlugin.callbackTemplateArticlePageFooter(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line  107, file: HookRegistry.inc.php
                                    HookRegistry.call(Templates::Article::Footer::PageFooter, Array[3]) % line 1267, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
                                 PKPTemplateManager.smartyCallHook(Array[1], Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line   43, file: 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101^1c372c95cd85572e0fbc9a53d0323a0b229cfc78_0.app.frontendpagesarticle.tpl.php
                              content_6781613650b432_13896783(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  123, file: smarty_template_resource_base.php
                           Smarty_Template_Resource_Base.getRenderedTemplateCode(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  114, file: smarty_template_compiled.php
                        Smarty_Template_Compiled.render(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template) % line  216, file: smarty_internal_template.php
                     Smarty_Internal_Template.render(false, 1) % line  232, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
                  Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase._execute(Object:Smarty_Internal_Template, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null, 1) % line  134, file: smarty_internal_templatebase.php
               Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl, null, 42362804174f266c598cdb32c3208fc745b92101, null) % line  924, file: PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
            PKPTemplateManager.display(frontend/pages/article.tpl) % line  292, file: ArticleHandler.inc.php
         ArticleHandler.view(Array[1], Object:Request) % line  391, file: PKPRouter.inc.php
      PKPRouter._authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array[2], Object:Request, Array[1], false) % line  231, file: PKPPageRouter.inc.php
   PKPPageRouter.route(Object:Request) % line  143, file: Dispatcher.inc.php
Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php