APLICAÇÃO DAS TÉCNICAS DE BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR NO DIAGNÓSTICO DO SARS-COV-2
Autores
Larissa Teodoro
Palavras-chave:
Biologia Molecular, RT-qPCR, SARS-COV-2
Resumo
Introdução: O SARS-Cov-2 é um vírus de RNA envelopado com formato característicos de coroa, conhecido atualmente como novo coronavírus. Este é capaz de desencadear a doença COVID-19 a qual é uma Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, responsável pela pandemia em 2020. As técnicas de Biologia Molecular são ferramentas úteis no diagnóstico e monitoramento de doenças, principalmente a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (RT-qPCR). Objetivo: Compreender a aplicação das técnicas de biologia molecular no diagnóstico de SARS-COV-2. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos disponíveis nas principais bases de dados da área da saúde (PUMED, LILACS e SCIELO) com data de publicação entre dezembro de 2019 e maio de 2020. Resultados: A RT-qPCR é uma técnica de biologia molecular que permite a detecção e quantificação de um fragmento específico de DNA ou de cDNA. O SARS-COV-2 é um vírus de RNA, portanto, para sua análise pode RT-qPCR deve-se realizar a síntese do cDNA, ou seja, a etapa de transcrição reversa. A sensibilidade na detecção da presença do vírus na amostra é diretamente dependente da janela imunológica, período no qual observa-se aumento da carga viral facilitando a detecção do vírus na amostra e diminuindo os resultados falsos negativos. O tempo de reação é relativamente rápido, porém é uma técnica com custo elevado em relação a equipamentos, reagentes e profissionais capacitados. Conclusão: A RT-qPCR é uma técnica versátil de Biologia Molecular que possibilita o diagnóstico e acompanhamento de diversas doenças (virais, bacterianas e até mesmo fúngicas). Essa técnica fornece um resultado sensível e específico para a presença de SARS-COV-2.
Publicado
2020-07-01
Como Citar
Teodoro, L. . (2020). APLICAÇÃO DAS TÉCNICAS DE BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR NO DIAGNÓSTICO DO SARS-COV-2. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 1(2), 37. Recuperado de http://editoraime.com.br/revistas/rems/article/view/210
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