Introdução: Pneumocystis é uma espécie de fungo que pode acometer imunossuprimidos ou não, apresentando, nos primeiros, desfechos mais graves. Objetivo: Este trabalho busca descrever características da população acometida por este, bem como descrever variáveis que possam levar à mortalidade. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quali-quantitativo, observacional do tipo revisão sistemática de literatura. Foram utilizadas palavras-chave: “Pneumocystis” AND “Mortality”. Sendo a partir disso escolhidos relatos e série de casos dos últimos 5 anos para compor esta revisão, resultando em 29 de 42 artigos encontrados. Dos excluídos, 12 por não tratar do desfecho e 1 por tratar apenas da presunção da doença. Resultados: Os trabalhos abarcavam relatos de 57 pacientes, sendo que destes 6 não descreveram o sexo, 30(52.63%) eram homens, 38(66.67%) acometidos possuíam outra doença como dermatomiosite, artrite reumatoide ou neoplasias, estando em tratamento para estas com imunossupressores, no entanto, 19(50.00%) destes apresentavam HIV positivo unicamente ou em conjunto com outras doenças. Quanto a mortalidade, 17(29.82%) tiveram este desfecho, todos tinham alguma patologia associada, sendo as mais encontradas artrite reumatoide(4, 23.53%), dermatomiosite e HIV(3, 17.65%, casos para cada) e COVID-19(2, 11.76%) e 12(70.59%) eram mulheres. Outros fatores que se relacionaram diretamente à mortalidade foram diagnósticos tardios, retardo no uso da ventilação mecânica não-invasiva, não utilização da membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea, coinfecção viral e gene do canal de cálcio mediado por cálcio deficiente, sobretudo este último, em crianças. Conclusão:A mortalidade dentre pacientes HIV positivos pode ter reduzido a partir da compreensão da infecção do Pneumocystis como doença oportunista, levando ao raciocínio imediato por parte da equipe de saúde e seu tratamento precoce nessa população, entretanto, este raciocínio deve ser estendido para outras causas de imunossupressão que não estejam nos casos clássicos. Em tempos atuais, de uma doença respiratória(COVID-19), deve ter ainda mais cuidado para não subdiagnosticar esta patologia, levando consequências fatais.
Publicado
2021-09-11
Como Citar
Guimarães, A. S., Silva, L. V. ., & Teixeira, H. L. P. (2021). FATORES PREDITORES DE MORTALIDADE EM INFECÇÃO POR PNEUMOCYSTIS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 106. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1965
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