Introdução: O calicivírus felino, pertencente à família Caliciviridae e gênero Vesivirus, atinge o trato respiratório superior. Devido à alta variabilidade genética, existe uma grande diversidade de cepas, contribuindo para o surgimento de cepas altamente virulentas que infectam, além de células do trato respiratório superior, o fígado, endotélio dos vasos, pâncreas e pulmões, caracterizando uma doença sistêmica. Recentemente, houve o isolamento de cepas de calicivírus associado à doença sistêmica em alguns países da América do Norte, Europa e Ásia. No Brasil ainda não há relatos descritos da doença, podendo este fato estar associado à falta de diagnóstico na rotina clínica. Objetivo: Objetivou-se por meio desta revisão de literatura, realizar uma descrição acerca da calicivirose sistêmica, ressaltando a importância do diagnóstico da doença no Brasil. Material e métodos: Foram selecionados trabalhos na base eletrônica de dados Google Acadêmico datados do ano de 2016 a 2020. Resultados: A doença sistêmica causada pelo calicivírus felino é caracterizada por edema generalizado, úlceras na face e membros, febre, icterícia, coagulação intravascular disseminada e falência múltipla de órgãos. A doença clássica acomete, com mais frequência, animais jovens, enquanto a forma sistêmica apresenta maior morbidade e mortalidade em adultos. O diagnóstico da doença clássica é feito com base nos sinais clínicos e resposta terapêutica. Porém, devido à similaridade com outras infecções virais e à possibilidade do desenvolvimento da infecção sistêmica, é importante a confirmação do diagnóstico através de exames, como o isolamento viral e a detecção molecular de proteínas ou ácido nucléico viral a partir de amostras clínicas. A prática de confirmar o diagnóstico não existe na clínica médica, fazendo com que casos de calicivirose clássica e, consequentemente sistêmica, sejam subdiagnosticadas. O tratamento da doença sistêmica envolve medidas de suporte e antibioticoterapia, além de algumas considerações para evitar distúrbios de hemostasia, como evitar lesões de descontinuidade na pele. São necessárias pesquisas para guiar, de forma mais eficaz, o tratamento da calicivirose sistêmica. Conclusão: É importante a realização de exames complementares para diagnosticar o calicivírus felino sistêmico, de modo a guiar novas pesquisas que instituem tratamentos adequados, uma vez que a doença causa alta mortalidade nos felinos domésticos.
Publicado
2021-09-04
Como Citar
Silva, V. de F. R. da . (2021). CALICIVIROSE SISTÊMICA FELINA: UMA ENFERMIDADE SUBDIAGNOSTICADA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 79. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1898
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