Introdução: O linfoma é uma neoplasia originária da proliferação clonal de linfócitos malignos frequentemente diagnosticada em felinos, correspondendo a 90% das neoplasias hematopoiéticas nesses animais. São classificadas de acordo com formas anatômicas: multicêntrico, mediastinal, alimentar, cutâneo e de tecidos extranodais (nasal, renal e sistema nervoso). Sendo o linfoma alimentar a forma mais diagnosticada em gatos e que possui crescente incidência nos últimos anos, tornando essencial que o clínico veterinário tenha conhecimento sobre os aspectos diagnósticos em gatos acometidos por essa neoplasia. Objetivo: Descrever as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais encontrados em gatos acometidos por linfoma alimentar. Material e Métodos: A revisão de literatura foi desenvolvida a partir de pesquisas no Google Acadêmico no qual buscou-se diversos artigos atuais referentes ao tema abordado. Resultados: O linfoma alimentar felino não apresenta predileção sexual, raça ou idade, embora a maioria dos gatos acometidos sejam idosos, machos e portadores de doenças imunossupressoras. Essa patologia acomete principalmente o trato gastrointestinal, linfonodos regionais, fígado e baço e se manifesta de duas formas: linfocítico (células pequenas e bem diferenciadas) e linfoblástico (células grandes e pouco diferenciadas), sendo o linfoma linfoblástico a forma mais agressiva. O diagnóstico consiste nos achados clínicos e na realização de exames citológicos e histopatológicos, ultrassonográficos e laboratoriais como o hemograma, a bioquímica e os testes sorológicos para a imunodeficiência felina e a leucemia felina. As principais alterações clínicas consistem na perda de peso, anorexia, êmese, diarreia e desconforto abdominal. As alterações laboratoriais incluem: anemia normocítica normocrômica não regenerativa, leucocitose com aumento de neutrófilos bastonetes, hipercalcemia, hipoalbuminemia e hipoproteinemia e são decorrentes do comprometimento da médula óssea pela neoplasia ou pela destruição celular ou pelo sequestro esplênico. Sendo o prognóstico dependente da resposta inicial à quimioterapia e da ocorrência de remissão. Conclusão: O linfoma alimentar é uma doença frequentemente diagnosticada na medicina felina e que pode levar a uma diminuição na sobrevida desses animais, o que ressalta a importância da determinação do diagnóstico precoce através da identificação dos sinais clínicos iniciais da doença bem como a realização de exames laboratoriais para se fechar um diagnóstico correto, e também para a avaliação do prognóstico.
Publicado
2021-09-02
Como Citar
Azevedo, I. N. D., Ferreira, C. D. B. ., Vasconcelos, J. S. L. D. ., Costa, M. B. M. V., & Nunes, Y. F. (2021). ALTERAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E LABORATORIAIS EM GATOS ACOMETIDOS POR LINFOMA ALIMENTAR. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 31. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1845
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