Introdução: Em dezembro de 2019 na cidade de Wuhan - China, após os primeiros casos de pneumonia, caracterizada como uma infecção aguda respiratória viral, foram identificados os primeiros casos de COVID-19. O vírus da COVID-19 espalha-se pelo trato respiratório através de contato direto por gotículas de saliva e secreções respiratórias. É altamente transmissível e geralmente apresenta sintomas comuns à gripe e dificuldade ao respirar. Entre os grupos de risco estão principalmente os idosos e pacientes com comorbidades associadas, características comuns aos pacientes oncológicos, além do fato de serem considerados imunocomprometidos. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo trazer uma breve revisão das características clínicas da COVID-19, riscos e recomendações em pacientes oncológicos. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, na base de dados Scielo e revistas eletrônicas, onde foram selecionados os artigos que se enquadram no foco do estudo. Resultados: Em estudo pioneiro publicado no The Lancet Oncology, concluiu-se que pacientes com câncer apresentaram maior risco de contrair o COVID-19 e possuem pior prognóstico. Reafirmando esse resultado, outro estudo realizado em Wuhan demonstrou taxa de letalidade de 28,6% em 1276 pacientes com câncer e COVID-19. Visando reduzir as chances de contágio, a International Society for Quality in Health Care em parceria com a Italian Network for Safety Quality in Health Care, elaboraram um manual com recomendações para manejo dos pacientes oncológicos na pandemia que compreendem: avaliar individualmente a possibilidade de adiar o ciclo de tratamento evitando a interrupção indiscriminada, verificar a possibilidade de mudança de medicamentos parenterais para outra via de administração, reduzir o acesso a clínicas ambulatoriais e restringir visitas a pacientes em internação hospitalar. Conclusão: Diante deste cenário, conclui-se que pacientes oncológicos possuem maior risco de óbito pela COVID-19. Esses fatores evidenciam a necessidade de pacientes oncológicos seguirem rigorosamente todas as orientações de prevenção ao coronavírus.
Publicado
2021-07-28
Como Citar
Silva, R. santos da ., Jesus, A. A. D. ., Santana, R. P. D. S. E. ., Almeida, I. O. ., & Miranda, G. O. S. A. D. . (2021). PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS E O ATUAL CENÁRIO DA COVID-19. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 46. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1578
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