O GERENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL E SEU IMPACTO NA LEISHMANIOSE

Autores

  • Milena Silva
  • Willian Lorenson Pacheco
  • Günter Sauerbier

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1466

Palavras-chave:

AGENTES ETIOLÓGICOS CAUSADORES DA LEISHMANIOSE, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DO PARASITA LEISHMANIA, LEISHMANIOSE

Resumo

Introdução: A leishmaniose é, segundo a OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde), uma zoonose negligenciada e está relacionada com condições sociais e ambientais. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre a relação entre leishmaniose e o contexto socioambiental. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica de sete artigos e conteúdos de divulgação científica em língua portuguesa, publicados no portal Scielo, nos sites da FioCruz e do IPEA entre os anos de 2011 a 2020. As pesquisas tiveram como descritores os termos ‘’Agentes Etiológicos Causadores da Leishmaniose’’; ‘’Impacto Ambiental do Parasita Leishmania’’ e "Leishmaniose". Resultados: A leishmaniose, mesmo sendo a segunda enfermidade infectoparasitária que mais mata no mundo, é negligenciada, pois carece de investimento em pesquisas, na produção de fármacos e no controle de propagação. É causada pelo protozoário do gênero Leishmania e transmitida pelas fêmeas dos mosquitos flebotomíneos, popularmente conhecidos como “mosquito–palha”. Sua ocorrência é maior em regiões com baixo IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano) e com alto índice pluviométrico, tanto que os casos da doença aumentam no período chuvoso e/ou de enchentes no Amazonas, como comprovado em pesquisas da FioCruz. Fatores ambientais também influenciam, pois o desmatamento é um dos fatores responsáveis para que vetores percam suas fontes alimentares habituais e migrem para a zona urbana. Estudos indicam também que a leishmaniose visceral se espalhou para regiões do Brasil onde não havia incidência como Centro-Oeste, Sul e Sudeste. Outro fator importante é o povoamento de áreas florestais, que propicia a aproximação entre o homem e os transmissores. A mitigação dessa doença é possível por meio do uso de repelentes, roupas compridas, telas, mosquiteiros em portas e janelas e a aplicação de inseticidas, além de evitar o acúmulo de lixo orgânico, que atrairia animais silvestres portadores da Leishmania. Além disso, é de suma importância o monitoramento do povoamento e desmatamento nos espaços em que o parasita circula. Conclusão: Diante disso, infere-se que a leishmaniose merece a atenção dos órgãos públicos, e sua contenção depende de assegurar melhores condições de vida à população, tratamento adequado dos doentes e gerenciamento ambiental, em especial do desmatamento.

Publicado

2021-07-28

Como Citar

Silva, M. ., Pacheco, W. L. ., & Sauerbier, G. . (2021). O GERENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL E SEU IMPACTO NA LEISHMANIOSE. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 61. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1466

Edição

Seção

II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line

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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
PKPApplication.execute() % line   68, file: index.php