DESBRIDAMENTO BIOLÓGICO: O USO DA TERAPIA LARVAL EM FERIDAS COMPLEXAS

Autores

  • Roseli De Abreu Arantes De Mello
  • Aline De Miranda Espinosa
  • Cláudio José De Souza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1458

Palavras-chave:

LESÃO POR PRESSÃO, DESBRIDAMENTO, FERIMENTOS E LESÕES, TERAPÊUTICA, LARVA

Resumo

Introdução: O desbridamento biológico, também conhecido como terapia larval, Larvaterapia ou terapia de Maggot, consiste na utilização de larvas de moscas esterilizadas sobre lesões complexas, com presença de tecido necrosado na finalidade de otimizar a cicatrização das mesmas. Na terapia são utilizadas moscas do tipo necrobiontófagas ou necrófagas, isto é, alimentam-se de tecidos mortos de um ser vivo. Esta terapia já era utilizada há séculos pelos Aborígines Australianos e pelos Maias. Contudo, somente no século XX, no ano de 1931, que estas larvas foram utilizadas na medicina, por um cirurgião ortopédico do Hospital John Hopkins (EUA), William Baer. Com o advento do antibiótico tornou-se rara até o início dos anos 1980, quando com o uso indiscriminado do mesmo medicamento se deparou com a resistência bacteriana. No Brasil, no ano de 2012, foi feita a primeira aplicação da terapia pelo hospital da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Objetivo: Analisar por meio das produções científicas a eficiência da terapia larval no tratamento das feridas complexas.  Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa de literatura, de característica crítica e retrospectiva, com fontes de dados primários completos, publicados entre 2016 a 2021, em português, inglês e espanhol, na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde nas seguintes bases: MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e na SciELO. Utilizou-se os descritores identificados através do DECs, sendo eles: lesão por pressão; desbridamento; ferimentos e lesões; terapêutica e larva pelo operador booleano “and” e “or” e o Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Desconhecimento da técnica dentre a maioria dos profissionais de saúde e da população brasileira. Utilizada nos demais países estrangeiros por sua eficácia e baixo custo. Considerações finais: O uso da terapia larval em feridas complexas ainda é pouco utilizada no Brasil por não ser muito conhecida dentre os profissionais de saúde e de seus pacientes. A técnica é utilizada em outros países por ser eficaz no tratamento dessas lesões, impedindo, por vezes, a amputação do membro lesionado e o baixo custo.

Publicado

2021-07-28

Como Citar

Mello, R. D. A. A. D. ., Espinosa , A. D. M. ., & Souza , C. J. D. (2021). DESBRIDAMENTO BIOLÓGICO: O USO DA TERAPIA LARVAL EM FERIDAS COMPLEXAS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 53. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1458

Edição

Seção

II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line
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Dispatcher.dispatch(Object:Request) % line  281, file: PKPApplication.inc.php
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