DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, DIAGNÓSTICO LABORATORIAL, FISIOPATOLOGIA
Resumo
Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) é uma doença por decorrência de resistência a insulina nas células musculares e adiposas devido à redução de sua ação, resultando em hiperinsulinismo e hiperglicemia. O DMT2 é o mais prevalente, corresponde de 90% a 95% dos casos e acomete em sua maioria, indivíduos adultos. Dados da Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes mostram que o número de casos do DMT2 eleva a cada ano, em consequências de numerosas condições que influenciam sua etiologia, como fator genético, obesidade, sedentarismo, crescimento e envelhecimento populacional, tabaco, dentre outros fatores. Objetivo: O Diagnóstico depende de várias avaliações para sua definição. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse estudo é reunir os principais métodos laboratoriais utilizados nos laboratórios de análises clínicas, no Brasil. Materiais e métodos:Foram utilizados conteúdos dos últimos 8 anos para revisão bibliográfica, compostos por livros, artigos científicos, dissertações e órgãos. Através da busca nas seguintes bases de dados “Google Acadêmico” e “Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes”. Resultados e Discussão: Sua identificação é realizada através dos seguintes exames: Para a glicemia de jejum, é de suma importância que o exame seja realizado com no mínimo 8 horas de jejum. Seu valor de referência é <100mg/dl, pré-diabetes vão de ≥100 a <126mg/dl e para DMT2 é ≥126 mg/dl. O teste oral de tolerância a glicose é realizado após 2 horas da ingestão de 75g de glicose em 250 a 300ml de água, fazer a ingestão durante 5 minutos. Esse exame deve seguir alguns critérios para sua execução, como jejum de 10 a 16 horas e fazer consumo de pelo menos 150g de carboidratos por dia durante os 3 dias anteriores. Seu valor de referência é <140mg/dl, pré-diabetes vão de ≥140 a <200mg/dl e para DMT2 é ≥ 200mg/dl. A Hemoglobina glicada não é específica para DMT2, podendo ter interferência de outras doenças e etnia para seu diagnóstico. O valor de referência para o DMT2 é ≥ 6,5%. Conclusão: É de suma importância um diagnóstico precoce e fidedigno do Diabetes Mellitus, para que medidas sejam tomadas antecipadamente impedindo seu desencadeamento ou postergar o surgimento de complicações crônicas nos indivíduos.
Publicado
2021-07-28
Como Citar
Miranda, F. B. de . (2021). PRINCIPAIS MÉTODOS PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO LABORATORIAL DO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(3), 27. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1429
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