AUTOMEDICAÇÃO, ANTIBIÓTICOS, RESISTÊNCIA BACTERIANA, USO RACIONAL
Resumo
Introdução: A descoberta da Penicilina em 1929 foi um avanço, no entanto, seu uso indiscriminado ocasionou o surgimento das primeiras cepas resistentes a penicilina. O uso incorreto de antimicrobianos está entre os problemas mais urgentes de saúde do século XXI, de acordo com o CDC e fatores como a prescrição incorreta, uso excessivo e uso de antibióticos de espectro equivocado são responsáveis pela indução da resistência bacteriana contra estes fármacos. Objetivo: Analisar por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica a relação existente entre resistência bacteriana e o consumo incorreto de antibióticos. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de revisão bibliográfica na base de dados Google Acadêmico, sendo escolhidos artigos desde o ano de 2017 que continham as palavras chaves “Antibióticos”, “Automedicação”, “Resistência bacteriana” e “Uso Racional”. Foram selecionados 11 artigos, sendo 9 na língua portuguesa e 2 em espanhol. Resultados: A classe de antibióticos ocupa o primeiro lugar no ranking de medicamentos mais prescritos, no entanto, somente 50% estão corretos. O uso incorreto é considerado um motivo para o fenômeno de resistência bacteriana e engloba a automedicação, o uso excessivo e/ou uso de antibióticos de espectro equivocado. A automedicação é considerada um problema de saúde pública e uma pesquisa com 269 indivíduos identificou que 56,98% já compraram antibiótico sem receita e por influência de familiares/ou amigos. O tempo de tratamento maior ou menor que o recomendando também é um fator causador de resistência aliado ao uso de antibióticos de classe diferente que a necessária para tratar a infecção. Conclusão: Portanto, quanto maior o consumo incorreto de antibióticos, maior será os dados de resistência bacteriana. O fácil acesso a estes medicamentos contribui para um aumento expressivo e preocupante do número de formação de superbactérias. A OMS estima que em 2050 a principal causa de morte será a resistência bacteriana, logo, medidas restritivas devem ser adotadas afim de diminuir os números e medidas de conscientização à população também são necessárias.
Publicado
2021-06-14
Como Citar
Ferreira, B. L. S. ., & Oliveira, T. C. D. . (2021). RESISTÊNCIA BACTERIANA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CONSUMO INCORRETO DE ANTIBIÓTICOS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1205
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