ANTIMICROBIANOS, SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRAL, BACTÉRIA
Resumo
Introdução: A Pseudomonas aeruginosas é uma bactéria gram-negativa, de presença ubíqua e resistente a inúmeras terapias medicamentosas, por isso pode provocar quadros infecciosos com elevadas taxas de letalidade, e que afetam diversas regiões do corpo, inclusive, o sistema nervoso. Objetivo: Compreender os mecanismos fisiopatológicos de ataque da P. aeruginosas ao sistema nervoso. Material e Métodos: Para tal, foi utilizada uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos publicados entre os anos de 1983 e 2019, por meio dos bancos de dados PubMed e Scielo. Resultados: A P. aeruginosas é um micro-organismo facilmente encontrado no ambiente, portanto é igualmente fácil contrai-la. Por se tratar de uma bactéria oportunista, afeta especialmente os indivíduos com alguma condição de imunossupressão, instalando-se em diversos tipos celulares. Embora tenha maior afinidade bioquímica por células epiteliais, ao adentrar a corrente sanguínea, penetra a barreira hematoencefálica e invade neurônios e células da glia. Afeta os tecidos principalmente pela produção de endotoxina, uma substância lipídica que provoca fortes respostas inflamatórias, gerando danos ao seu entorno. Chegando ao sistema nervoso central, causa episódios de encefalite e meningite, principalmente purulenta, resistindo a todas as tentativas de ataque do sistema imunológico, devido à presença de cápsula em sua membrana externa, tal como à produção de biofilme, um composto gelatinoso que auxilia na sua fixação. É beta-lactamase positivo, portanto, é capaz de degradar fármacos beta-lactâmicos, que constituem os principais antimicrobianos disponíveis, como as cefalosporinas e penicilinas, o que dificulta enormemente o tratamento de indivíduos infectados, já que tal mecanismo de resistência é muito eficaz. Estudos demonstram que a terapia com múltiplos fármacos pode ser eficiente em alguns casos, a depender da individualidade do paciente, que deve sempre ser considerada em prol de um tratamento que traga bons resultados. Conclusão: A P. aeruginosas é uma bactéria de transmissão bem facilitada e que oferece altos riscos à saúde dos indivíduos, especialmente por apresentar grande resistência aos antimicrobianos convencionais. Atingindo o sistema nervoso, torna-se mais letal, posto que as funções daquele são de extrema importância para a fisiologia do organismo, portanto, é fundamental monitorizar os pacientes acometidos e buscar considerar sua individualidade no tratamento, para que uma boa resposta.
Publicado
2021-06-11
Como Citar
Barbosa, A. B. S. ., Valentim, F. D. C. D. J., Nogueira, R. A. D. S. B. ., Costa, T. I. D. ., & Holanda, J. R. C. D. . (2021). DANOS NEUROLÓGICOS CAUSADOS PELA BACTÉRIA PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSAS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 22. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1179
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