AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS, GUT MICROBIOME, LEAKY GUT, LEAKY GUT SYNDROME
Resumo
Introdução: Às células epiteliais do trato gastrointestinal participam da absorção de nutrientes e conferem proteção. Essa barreira é composta por junções estreitas, formando uma proteção física e conferindo a capacidade permeativa do intestino, e por uma camada de muco. Quando essas junções são agredidas por fatores imunológicos, citocinas ou patógenos, elas perdem a sua capacidade de selecionar o conteúdo intestinal e, assim, desenvolve a Síndrome do Intestino Permeável. Está disfunção se relaciona com inflamações sistêmicas e doenças autoimunes, o que ocorre, também pela alteração na composição da flora intestinal. Objetivos: Realizar revisão bibliográfica da literatura a respeito da correlação da Síndrome de Leaky gut e doenças autoimunes, bem como a importância da microbiota intestinal neste processo. Material e Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados SCIELO e PUBMED. Os descritores utilizados foram “autoimmune diseases”, “autoimmune disorders”, “gut microbiome”, “leaky gut” e “leaky gut syndrome”. Foram selecionados artigos acadêmicos originais, escritos na língua inglesa, que foram publicados entre 2014 e 2020. Tais artigos foram analisados de acordo com o ano de publicação, método de avaliação, objetivos e principais resultados. Resultados: A produção de moléculas pró-inflamatórias capazes de comprometer a integridade da barreira intestinal pode ser provocada por antígenos bacterianos intestinais. Esse quadro pode levar a síndrome de Leaky gut, o que explica a presença de bactérias intestinais no Sistema Imune, acarretando doenças autoimunes como: artrite reumatoide (AR), doença celíaca, Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Na relação da AR e a permeabilidade intestinal, observou-se que indivíduos mais propensos a doenças tendem a ter um desequilíbrio da microbiota, gerando disbiose e contra regulação do sistema imune local e sistêmico à longo prazo e esse mesmo mecanismo ocorre com pacientes com AR. Conclusão: Considerando os dados obtidos, observou-se que há uma relação entre Leaky gut e a microbiota reduzida, como também a alteração funcional, tendo efeito na resposta imune principalmente em doenças autoimunes (AR, DM1 e doença celíaca). Percebe-se também que pela importância do tema há poucos estudos em humanos, o que demonstra a necessidade de mais pesquisas na área.
Publicado
2021-06-11
Como Citar
Oliveira, N. B. de ., Fonseca, A. C. S. ., Gomes, L. L. S. ., & Santos, A. B. F. D. (2021). ANÁLISE DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE A SÍNDROME DE LEAKY GUT, A MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL E DOENÇAS AUTOIMUNES: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 12. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1169
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